Table 2.
Effects of CHMs on neurological conditions and adult neurogenesis.
| Herbs | Extraction method | Animals/cell types | Outcome measurement | Aspects of behaviors/function | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polygalae Radix | EtOH extract | Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats | CA1:↑ BrdU+. ↑ Nestin+/BrdU+, Tuj1+/BrdU+ | Not GIVEN | Park et al. (2008) |
| HiB5(rat neuronal precursor cells) | ↑Promoted the neurite outgrowth | Cell | Park et al. (2008) | ||
| Allium macrostemon Bunge (AM-W) | Water extract | Male ICR mice | CA1:100 mg/kg: ↑ DCX+, NeuN+/BrdU+ 200 mg/kg: ↑ BrdU+,DCX+,NeuN+/BrdU+ | ↓The immobility duration of the forced swimming test ↓the immobility duration of the tail suspension test | Lee et al. (2010) |
| Sun ginseng | EtOH extract | Male ICR mice | DG: 20 mg/kg: ↑ BrdU+,DCX+ | ↑ The step-through latency | Lee et al. (2013) |
| Oenanthe javanica | EtOH extract | male Wistar rats | DG: ↑ DCX+, Ki-67+ | Not GIVEN | Chen B. H. et al. (2015) |
| Acori tatarinowii Rhizoma | EtOH extract | C57BL/6 mice | DG:↑BrdU+、Ki67+ ↑Tbr2+/BrdU+ ↑DCX+/Ki67+, DCX+/Ki67 ↑BrdU+/NeuN+ | Not GIVEN | Mao et al. (2015) |
| NPCs from hippocampal of C57BL/6 mice | ↑EDU+ | Cell | Mao et al. (2015) | ||
| Cuscutae Semen | Water extract | Male ICR mice | DG: 10 mg/kg/day: ↑ BrdU+/ NeuN+ 50 mg/kg/day:↑Ki-67+, DCX+, BrdU+/ NeuN+ 100 mg/kg/day:↑Ki-67+, DCX+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/ NeuN+ | ↑ Time exploring the novel object | Moon et al. (2016) |
| Korean red ginseng | C57BL/6 mice | DG: ↑BrdU+, BrdU+/DCX+ | ↑ The learning and memory abilities of Morris water maze test | Ryu et al. (2020) | |
| Astragali Radix, Saposhnikoviae Radix, Eucommiae Cortex, Corydalis Rhizoma | Water extract | The mouse NSC line (mNSC 9,601) | ↑ cell proliferation (MTS assay) | Cell | Sun et al. (2016) |
| BALB/c mice; chronic mild stress (CMS) was used in mice for 14 days to establish a depression-like mouse model. | DG: ↑BrdU+ | ↑ The body weight gain ↓ the duration of immobility in the FST | Sun et al. (2016) | ||
| Bupleuri Radix | Water extract | Oxidative stress induced by serum deprivation in SH-SY5Y cells | ↑ BrdU+ | Cell | Seo et al. (2013) |
| Butea superba (BS) | EtOH extract | 72 male ddY mice were obtained at the age of 7 weeks old, The UCMS group received various unpredictable stressful stimuli for 7 weeks | DG↑ DCX+ | ↑The sucrose intake ↓the immobility times (tail suspension test) | Mizuki et al. (2014) |
| Acori graminei Rhizoma (AGR) | Water extract, volatile oil fraction, or defatted decoction fraction of AGR | Alzheimer disease-like symptoms induced by Amyloid Beta (Aß) 1–42 intra-hippocampal injection for 7 days | DG↑ DCX+, Nestin+ | ↑Spatial memory (Morris water maze) | Ma et al. (2015) |
| Rhizoma Acori tatarinowii | aged C57BL/6 mice (age at 18–23 months);8-month-old middle-aged APP/PS1 mice | DG aged mice: ↑ BrdU+,BrdU+/NeuN+ APP/PS1:↑BrdU+,Ki67+,BrdU+/NeuN+ | Not given | Mao et al. (2015) | |
| C. rotundus | EtOH extract | Wistar rats received 5 ug/ul Aβ1-42 into CA1 bilaterally for AD | DG: ↑NeuN+ | ↑Spatial memory (Morris water maze test) | Shakerin et al. (2020) |
| Gastrodiae Rhizoma (TM-2) | EtOH extract | C57BL/6 mice, The D-gal groups were subcutaneously injected with 200 mg/kg D-gal daily for 8 weeks to establish the aging model. | DG:↑BrdU+,DCX+ | ↑Spatial memory (Morris water maze test); Burrowing and nesting behaviors | Hsu et al. (2021) |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | EtOH extract | BALB/c male mice; Aβ1-42 peptide (dilution 1 μg per μl) was injected into the CA1 area of the hippocampus for AD | Hippocampus(mRNA):↑Ki67+;DCX+; NeuN+ | ↑Spatial memory (Morris water maze test) and object recognition memory (NOR test) exhibit anti-anxiety effects (the elevated plus maze test) | Mirza et al. (2021) |
| Borneol | Borneol was dissolved in 5% Tween 80 and given to mice by gavage | C57BL/6 mice, with Focal Cerebral Ischemia–Reperfusion Model | Infarct zone:↑NeuN+ ↓GFAP+ | ↑ Neurological score and global score | Zhang X. et al. (2017) and Zhang X. G. et al. (2017) |
| Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus | EtOH extract | C17.2 cells exposed to 4-h OGD plus 20-h reoxygenation | p-coumaric acid:↑BrdU+/Ki67+ ↑BrdU+/SOX2 + | Cell | He et al. (2020) |
| Sprague–Dawley (S.D.) rats were subjected to MCAO to induce cerebral ischemia animal model | DG and SVZ: p-coumaric acid:↑BrdU+/Ki67+, BrdU+/DCX+, BrdU+/NeuN +in the | ↑ Body Weight; spatial learning/memory (Morris water maze test) and recognition capacity (NOR test), ↓anxiety (open-field test) | He et al. (2020) | ||
| Renshen Shouwu extract | EtOH extract | Sprague–Dawley rats with Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) surgery | Penumbra: ↑NeuN+/BrdU+ | ↑Neurological function (the Zea Longa’ method) | Li et al. (2020) |
| Chuanxiong Rhizoma | EtOH extract | Wistar rats was induction of microsphere-induced cerebral embolism (ME) FOR ischemia | DG: ↑DCX+ | ↑Neurological score after operation at 1, and 3 days, respectively | Wang et al. (2020) |
| Angelicae Sinensis Radix | Water extract | Sprague–Dawley rats; global cerebral ischemia (GCI) was induced in the rats using the 4-vessel occlusion (4-VO) method | ASD-0.5 g, and ASD-1 g: SGZ: ↑BrdU+ and BrdU+/NeuN+ SGZ: ↑Ki67+ and Ki67+/nestin+ CA1: ↑MAP-2+/NeuN+ | Not GIVEN | Cheng et al. (2021) |