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. 2023 Feb 24;72(5):599–610. doi: 10.2337/db22-0784

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Glucagon–GLP-1R signaling takes part in promotion of insulin secretion evoked by GCGR antagonism in vitro. Primary mouse islets were isolated from 8-week-old male normal mice and db/db mice and cultured with 1,000 nmol/L GCGR mAb or IgG in the absence or presence of Ex9 (200 nmol/L) or glucagon nAb (10 mg/L) for 24 h in a high glucose (30 mmol/L) condition. A, C, and E: Parameters in normal mouse islets. B, D, and F: Parameters in db/db mouse islets. Ctrl, PBS control. A and B: Supernatant insulin level. C and D: Supernatant glucagon level. E and F: Supernatant active GLP-1 level (n = 4). Data are expressed as the mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA, followed by the Tukey multiple comparisons test. *P < 0.05 vs. IgG control on the same cotreatment; #P < 0.05 vs. GCGR mAb on the control cotreatment.