. 2023 Mar 24;102(6):102670. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102670

Table 8.

Effects of fermented products on dominant carbohydrate-active enzyme gene in broiler cecal digesta.

	Treatment¹
Gene² (%)	CON	ENM	SFP	LFP	SEM³	P-value⁴
GT2	13.64^b	13.75^b	14.07^ab	14.61^a	0.12	0.006
GT4	6.80^b	7.00^a	6.72^b	6.78^b	0.03	0.006
GH2	4.54^a	4.51^a	4.37^ab	4.27^b	0.04	0.008
GH3	3.10^b	3.40^a	3.19^ab	3.28^ab	0.04	0.014
CE10	2.63^c	2.85^b	3.04^a	2.79^bc	0.04	<0.001
CE4	2.69^ab	2.59^b	2.60^b	2.86^a	0.04	0.018
GH1	1.91^b	2.30^a	1.99^b	1.92^b	0.05	<0.001
GH25	1.91^b	2.12^a	2.09^a	2.01^ab	0.02	0.009
GT51	1.83^b	1.98^a	1.80^b	1.85^ab	0.02	0.009
CE1	1.69^a	1.54^b	1.74^a	1.77^a	0.02	<0.001
GH20	1.78^a	1.57^b	1.62^ab	1.57^b	0.03	0.014
GH28	1.71^a	1.50^ab	1.57^ab	1.39^b	0.03	0.008
GH31	1.38^b	1.50^a	1.40^b	1.57^a	0.02	<0.001
GT28	1.37	1.44	1.44	1.43	0.01	0.234
GH29	1.46	1.36	1.33	1.34	0.02	0.067
	CON	ENM	SFP	LFP	SEM	P value
Total abundance⁵	164299	158394	150967	154980	4638.6	0.811

CON = Basal diet; ENM = Basal diet supplemented with enramycin; SFP = Basal diet supplemented with B. subtilis–fermented products; LFP = Basal diet supplemented with B. licheniformis–fermented products.

GT = glycosyltransferase; GH = glycoside hydrolase; CE = carbohydrate esterase.

SEM = standard error of means.

⁴

P-value was obtained by ANOVA.

⁵

Total carbohydrate-active enzyme gene abundance.

^a-c

Mean values in the row without identical superscripted letters are significantly different (P ≤ 0.05). Mean value representing results from 4 replicate cages per treatment (n = 4).