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. 2023 Apr 19;13(4):141–148. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v13.i4.141

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©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

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Schematic representation of the proposed role of the kynurenine pathway in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. Mutual interactions between serotonergic and glutamatergic functions are indicated by the bidirectional arrows for increased or decreased function. MDD: Major depressive disorder; KMO: Kynurenine monooxygenase; Trp: Tryptophan; IDO: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase; TDO: Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase; IFN: Interferon; IL: Interleukin.