Table 6.

Summary of clinical studies of using synbiotics in inflammatory bowel disease patients

Ref.	Probiotics	Prebiotics	Dose	Parameters analyzed	Conclusion
Amiriani et al[86], 2020	Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium breve, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophiles	FOS	Lactocare capsule twice daily for 8 wk	DAI	Mitigated symptoms in patients with UC and suggested to use pre-probiotics in the standard treatment, particularly in those with more than five years of the disease
Kamarlı Altun et al[87], 2019	Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Bifidobacterium lactis, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium longum	FOS	3 × 109 CFU probiotic and 225 mg/tablet prebiotic for 8 wk	Hemoglobin, leukocyte, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, sedimentation, and CRP and clinical and endoscopic activity indices	Improvement in clinical activity

DAI: Disease activity index; FOS: Fructooligosaccharides; UC: Ulcerative colitis; CRP: C-reactive protein; CFU: Colony forming unit.