Table 5.
Linear mixed model estimates for primary and secondary trial outcomes.
| Model estimates | Fixed effects, B (SE) | |||||||
|
|
Intercept | Time (baseline) | Group (intervention) | Sex (female) | Age | Group × time | ||
| Primary outcomes | ||||||||
|
|
CSEa total | 120.69 (16.91b) | 0.27 (4.31) | 10.79 (6.95) | 4.16 (5.99c) | 0.73 (0.42) | −12.02 (6.12d) | |
|
|
CSE—problem-focused | 65.45 (7.39b) | −0.63 (2.02) | 4.06 (2.99) | 1.51 (2.62) | 0.23 (0.18) | −5.20 (2.87) | |
|
|
CSE—stop unpleasant emotions | 36.29 (6.65b) | 1.03 (1.75) | 3.23 (2.81) | 0.34 (2.335) | 0.32 (0.16) | −5.23 (2.49c) | |
|
|
CSE—get support | 20.01 (4.42b) | −0.20 (1.07) | 3.43 (1.77) | 2.27 (1.57) | 0.16 (0.11) | −1.56 (1.52) | |
| Secondary outcomes | ||||||||
|
|
Vitality | 20.11 (3.44b) | −0.07 (0.74) | 2.20 (1.35) | 0.09 (1.22) | 0.20 (0.09c) | −2.28 (1.05c) | |
|
|
Positive affect | 20.93 (3.06b) | 0.07 (0.82) | 1.62 (1.22) | −1.46 (1.09) | 0.29 (0.08b) | −1.21 (1.16) | |
|
|
Negative affect | 25.80 (2.65b) | −1.69 (0.68c) | −1.15 (1.16) | −0.52 (0.93) | −0.12 (0.07) | 0.50 (0.97) | |
|
|
Satisfaction with life | 19.53 (2.81b) | −0.09 (0.55) | 1.33 (1.16) | 0.69 (0.99) | 0.10 (0.07) | −0.82 (0.78) | |
|
|
Perceived stress | 30.06 (3.05b) | −0.96 (0.70) | −0.92 (1.19) | −0.92 (1.19) | −0.12 (0.08) | 0.30 (0.99) | |
|
|
Hassles | 67.33 (6.34b) | −0.66 (1.51) | −5.84 (2.38c) | 0.20 (2.26) | −0.12 (0.16) | 5.12 (2.15c) | |
|
|
Uplifts | 51.15 (6.47b) | 2.03 (1.93) | 3.39 (2.65) | 0.55 (2.29) | 0.36 (0.16c) | −2.66 (2.75) | |
|
|
Momentary mood (MDMQe,f) | |||||||
|
|
|
MDMQ—calmness domain | 1.06 (0.19b) | 0.20 (0.16) | 0.54 (0.27c) | N/Ag | N/A | −0.05 (0.22c) |
|
|
|
MDMQ—valence domain | 1.64 (0.21b) | 0.12 (0.16) | 0.16 (0.29) | N/A | N/A | −0.26 (0.23) |
|
|
|
MDMQ—energetic arousal domain | −0.07 (0.22) | −0.14 (0.20) | 0.21 (0.30) | N/A | N/A | −0.02 (0.27) |
aCSE: coping self-efficacy.
bP<.01.
cP<.05.
dP=.05 (approaching significance).
eMDMQ: Multidimensional Mood Questionnaire.
fOn the basis of 1768 observations at baseline and 1130 observations at the end point.
gN/A: not applicable.