Table 6.
Effect of self-esteem and psychotic symptoms at tn-1 on psychotic experiences at tn by group and modified by childhood traumaa.
|
|
Patients | Relatives | Controls | Wald test for interaction | |||||||||||||||||
|
|
Adjusted βb (95% CI) |
P value |
Adjusted β (95% CI) |
P value |
Adjusted β (95% CI) |
P value |
χ2 (df) |
P valuec |
|||||||||||||
| Self-esteem tn−1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Emotional abuse | 0.07 (2) | .80 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
High (mean + 1 SD) | −.04 (−0.10 to 0.03) | .28 | −.11 (−0.14 to −0.08) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | .48 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Average (mean) | −.03 (−0.07 to −0.00) | .05 | −.13 (−0.16 to −0.11) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .17 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Low (mean − 1 SD) | −.03 (−0.08 to 0.02) | .20 | −.15 (−0.19 to −0.11) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.07 to 0.02) | .20 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
High versus low | −.00 (−0.10 to 0.09) | .92 | .04 (−0.01 to 0.08) | .10 | .01 (−0.06 to 0.08) | .77 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
Physical abuse | 0.58 (2) | .45 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
High (mean + 1 SD) | .01 (−0.07 to 0.09) | .82 | −.14 (−0.17 to 0.11) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.03) | .49 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Average (mean) | −.03 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .14 | −.12 (−0.14 to −0.09) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .15 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Low (mean − 1 SD) | −.06 (−0.11 to −0.00) | .03 | −.10 (−0.13 to −0.06) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.08 to 0.01) | .17 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
High versus low | .07 (−0.05 to 0.18) | .25 | −.04 (−0.09 to 0.00) | .06 | .02 (−0.05 to −0.08) | .60 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
Sexual abuse | 0.01 (2) | .91 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
High (mean + 1 SD) | −.03 (−0.09 to 0.03) | .32 | −.12 (−0.14 to −0.09) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.02) | .34 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Average (mean) | −.03 (−0.06 to −0.00) | .046 | −.13 (−0.15 to −0.10) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .14 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Low (mean − 1 SD) | −.03 (−0.08 to 0.01) | .15 | −.14 (−0.17 to −0.10) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.07 to 0.01) | .19 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
High versus low | 0 (−0.08 to 0.09) | .93 | .02 (−0.01 to 0.05) | .27 | .01 (−0.04 to 0.06) | .72 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
Emotional neglect | 0.04 (2) | .83 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
High (mean + 1 SD) | −.02 (−0.07 to 0.02) | .29 | −.11 (−0.14 to −0.08) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | .40 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Average (mean) | −.03 (−0.06 to −0.00) | .04 | −.13 (−0.15 to −0.10) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .15 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Low (mean − 1 SD) | −.04 (−0.08 to 0.00) | .07 | −.15 (−0.19 to −0.11) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.07 to 0.02) | .22 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
High versus low | .01 (−0.05 to 0.07) | .64 | .04 (−0.0 to 0.09) | .11 | 0 (−0.06 to 0.07) | .89 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
Physical neglect | 0.18 (2) | .67 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
High (mean + 1 SD) | −.02 (−0.07 to 0.03) | .41 | −.11 (−0.14 to.08) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.08 to 0.02) | .29 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Average (mean) | −.03 (−0.06 to 0.00) | .05 | −.13 (−0.15 to −0.10) | <.001 | −.03 (−0.06 to 0.01) | .13 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
Low (mean − 1 SD) | −.04 (−0.08 to 0.00) | .07 | −.14 (−0.18 to −0.10) | <.001 | −.02 (−0.07 to −0.02) | .32 |
|
|
|||||||||||
|
|
|
High versus low | .02 (−0.05 to 0.09) | .60 | .03 (−0.02 to 0.08) | .28 | −.00 (−0.08 to 0.07) | .94 |
|
|
|||||||||||
aAdjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, level of education, and marital status.
bAdjusted β, standardized regression coefficients (continuous independent variables were standardized [mean 0, SD 1] for interpreting significant three-way interaction terms and examining the difference in associations between high [mean + 1 SD], average [mean], and low [mean − 1 SD] levels of childhood trauma within and across groups [patients, relatives, and controls]).
cFamily-wise error-corrected P values were computed by multiplying the unadjusted P value by the total number of tests to adjust significance levels of Wald tests for three-way interactions.