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. 2023 Feb 19;10(12):2205272. doi: 10.1002/advs.202205272

Figure 3.

Figure 3

K. variicola exacerbates colitis in mice. A) mice experiment design: SPF C57BL/6 male mice (n = 5, 6) were treated with an antibiotic cocktail for 5 days. Daily gavage of bacteria (K. variicola ZSLY01 or E. fergusonii, 1×109 CFU/mouse) or the culture medium for 14 days. To induce colitis, 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) instead of drinking water was given to mice from day 0 to day 7. B) Weight loss rate and C) disease activity index (DAI) after 3% DSS treatment. D) Representative colons, E) colon length, F) representative colonic histological images (scale bar = 200 µm and 100 µm), and G) colonic histological score of mice treated by K. variicola ZSLY01, E. fergusonii, and the culture medium. H) Expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines (TNF‐a, IL‐6, and IL‐1β) in the mice intestines. I) Detection of translocated K. variicola in mice MAT. J) Mice experiment design: SPF IL10−/− mice (n = 6) were treated with an antibiotic cocktail for 5 days and daily bacteria (K. variicola ZSLY01 or E. fergusonii,1×109CFU/mouse) or PBS gavage started on day 0 and continued until euthanized on day 21. K,L) Representative colons and colon length. M) Disease activity index (DAI) on day 21. N) Representative colonic histological images (scale bar = 200 µm and 100 µm) and colonic histological score from IL‐10−/− mice treated by K. variicola ZSLY01, E. fergusonii, and PBS. O) Colonic histological score of IL‐10−/− mice treated by K. variicola ZSLY01, E. fergusonii, and PBS. K.v, K. variicola ZSLY01; E.f, E. fergusonii. CM: culture medium. Error bars ± SEM. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; one‐way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test. Each dot represents an individual mouse; two‐way ANOVA with Tukey's multiple comparison test (B, C).