Figure 4. Effect of diabetes and of SGLT2i on glycolysis and glucose oxidation in heart of WT and Akita mice.

WT and Akita mice were treated with and without dapagliflozin for 1 week, followed by ¹³C-glucose injections and metabolomics and metabolic flux analyses. (A) Unlabeled levels of glycolytic intermediates in heart extracts. Shown are the relative levels of unlabeled (¹²C) glucose and ¹³C-labeled glycolytic intermediates. (B) Relative abundance of ¹³C-labeled tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle metabolites in heart. Data represent the mean ± SEM, n = 6 mice per group. For statistical analysis, we used the sum of all ¹³C isotopologues for each metabolite or the unlabeled + ¹³C-labeled metabolites. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.