Table 1. Select HDTs developed for select intracellular bacteria.

HIF-1α, hypoxia inducible factor-1α; Akt, protein kinase B; TLR-3, toll-like receptor 3; Poly (I:C), Polyinosine:polycytosine; ROS, reactive oxygen species; ATRA, all-trans retinoic acid; NPC2, NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1

Bacteria	HDTs	Antibacterial Mechanism	Ref
M. tb	Imatinib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	12
M. tb	Metformin	Mitochondrial ROS production	13
M. tb	Doxycycline	Matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor	10
M. tb	ATRA	Lysosomal acidification via NPC2	14
M. tb	Nitazoxanide	Autophagy inducing via mTORC1	15
M. tb	Dexamethasone	Unknown	16
E. coli	AKB 2924	HIF-1α stabilizing agent	17,18
E. coli S. aureus	Clavanin-MO	Leukocyte recruitment and immune mediator production	19
E. coli	Lactoferrin	Neutrophil recruitment	20
S. Typhimurium S. Typhi F. tularensis	AR-12	Autophagy inducing	21,22,24
S. Typhimurium	Mibefradil Haloperidol	Unknown	23
F. tularensis	Poly (I:C)	TLR3 agonist	25