Table 5.
Direct and Indirect Effect Analysis
| Relationships | Coeff | SE | t-value | LL-CI | UL-CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Direct Effects | |||||
| LOs → OIs | .14*** | .06 | 2.58 | .03 | .25 |
| LOs → CSE | .24*** | .05 | 4.85 | .14 | .34 |
| CSE → OIs | .40*** | .06 | 6.10 | .27 | .52 |
| Mediation Effects | |||||
| Total Effects | .24*** | .05 | 4.46 | .13 | .34 |
| Indirect Effects (LOs → CSE → OIs) | .10*** | .03 | .08 | .20 | |
| Normal Theory test | .10*** | .03 | 3.76 (z-value) | ||
LOs; learning organizations, CSE; change self-efficacy, AL; adaptive leadership, OIs; organizational innovations, UL/LL-CI; upper and lower-level class interval; ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05