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. 2023 Feb 20;9(2):689. doi: 10.18063/ijb.v9i1.689

Figure 3.

Figure 3

The rheological properties of the GAQ inks. The (a) storage modulus (G′) and (b) composite viscosity (V) of the inks with the change of temperature. Inserted picture: partial curves from 28°C to 19°C. (c) Characterization of inks storage modulus deviation value (ΔG′) and viscosity deviation value (ΔV) at 25°C and 10°C. (d) Pre-gel temperature of the bioinks. (e) Viscosity of the bioinks versus shear rate from 0.01 to 1000 s-1 at 25°C. (f) Dynamic storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G″) of the inks at varying frequency of 1-100 rad/s at 25°C with 1% constant shear strain. (g) Gelation of the GAQ ink from 25°C to 10°C. (h) Characterization of complete gel time of the four inks from 25°C to 10°C. Data are expressed as mean ± SD. NS: p > 0.05; *p < 0.05 and **p < 0.01.