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. 2023 Feb 22;62(3):1897–1919. doi: 10.1007/s10943-023-01763-1

Table 1.

Participant’s demographic characteristics

HCPs (n = 12) Patients (n = 18) Caregivers (n = 6)
Gender n (%)
Male 5 (41.66) 9 (50) 6 (100)
Female 7 (58.33) 9 (50) 0 (0)
Age (years)
Mean (SD) 37.25 (9.51) 48.5 (14.39) 37.5 (12.83)
Range 22–50 21–75 28–60
Marital status n (%)
Married 6 (50) 12 (66.66) 3 (50)
Single 4 (33.33) 4 (22.22) 3 (50)
Divorced 1 (8.33) 2 (11.11) 0 (0)
Widowed 1 (8.33) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Education n (%)
Elementary 0 (0) 5 (27.77) 0 (0)
Standard 2 (16.66) 1 (5.55) 2 (33.33)
Intermediate 4 (33.33) 9 (50) 1 (16.66)
Undergraduate 3 (25) 2 (11.11) 3 (50)
Postgraduate 3 (25) 1 (5.55) 0 (0)
Profession n (%):
Nurses 6 (50)
Physicians 6 (50)
Monthly salary
Range; (£/month)  < 500–1500  < 500  < 500
No income n (%) 0 (0) 5 (27.77) 1 (16.66)
Cancer diagnosis n (%)
Breast 5 (27.77)
Lung 2 (11.11)
Pancreatic 1 (5.55)
Nasopharyngeal 1 (5.55)
Lymphoma 2 (11.11)
Bladder 2 (11.11)
Stomach 2 (11.11)
Colorectal 3 (16.66)
Stage of cancer n (%)
II &III 12 (66.66)
IV 6 (33.33)
Type of pain medication n (%)
None 13 (72.22)
On pain medication 5 (27.77)
Paracetamol 2 (11.11)
NSAID 3 (16.66)
Codeine 0 (0)
Tramadol 0 (0)
Morphine 0 (0)

HCPs = healthcare professionals, n = number, SD = standard deviation, % = percentage, / = per, £ = pound sterling, <  =  less than