Table 1. Baseline Patient Characteristics Between TEAM UP and Comparison Site FQHCs.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%)a | Standard difference | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full sample (N = 151 995 person-quarters) | TEAM UP FQHCs (n = 58 996 person-quarters) | Comparison group FQHCs (n = 92 999 person-quarters) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 9.0 (4.1) | 8.8 (4.1) | 9.1 (4.2) | 0.053 |
| Sex | ||||
| Female | 4876 (51.2) | 1837 (51.4) | 3039 (51.1) | −0.006 |
| Male | 4648 (48.8) | 1738 (48.6) | 2910 (48.9) | |
| Select conditions | ||||
| Asthma | 2746 (28.8) | 1292 (36.1) | 1454 (24.4) | −0.257 |
| Any mental health disorder | 4485 (47.1) | 1791 (50.1) | 2694 (45.3) | −0.096 |
| Trauma-related and stressor-related disorders | 2053 (21.6) | 882 (24.7) | 1171 (19.7) | −0.120 |
| Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder | 1389 (14.6) | 586 (16.4) | 803 (13.5) | −0.081 |
| Depressive disorders | 1273 (13.4) | 534 (14.9) | 739 (12.4) | −0.073 |
| Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders | 1038 (10.9) | 456 (12.8) | 582 (9.8) | −0.094 |
| Anxiety disorders | 855 (9.0) | 349 (9.8) | 506 (8.5) | −0.044 |
| Other mood disorders | 620 (6.5) | 291 (8.1) | 329 (5.5) | −0.104 |
| Autism spectrum disorder | 234 (2.5) | 88 (2.5) | 146 (2.5) | 0.000 |
| Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders | 213 (2.2) | 88 (2.5) | 125 (2.1) | −0.024 |
| Bipolar and related disorders | 146 (1.5) | 68 (1.9) | 78 (1.3) | −0.047 |
| Other mental health conditions | 247 (2.6) | 101 (2.8) | 146 (2.5) | −0.023 |
| Zip code–level characteristics, mean (SD) | ||||
| Median income in zip code, $ | 53 373 (19 059) | 51 238 (15 796) | 54 657 (20 670) | 0.186 |
| Minoritized racial and ethnic groups, % of residents | 49.3 (21.7) | 52.2 (23.7) | 47.6 (20.3) | −0.207 |
| With primary language other than English, % of residents | 48.3 (20.1) | 40.6 (9.7%) | 52.8 (23.1) | 0.689 |
| Income below federal poverty level, % of residents | 18.1 (6.7) | 18.3 (6.0) | 17.9 (7.1) | −0.066 |
| Medicaid enrollment | 9524 (100) | 3575 (100) | 5949 (100) | NA |
| FQHC is primary site of primary care | 9524 (100) | 3575 (100) | 5949 (100) | NA |
Abbreviations: FQHC, Federally Qualified Health Center; TEAM UP, Transforming and Expanding Access to Mental Health Care in Urban Pediatrics.
a
Our final sample throughout the whole study period included 151 995 person-quarters, where 58 996 person-quarters were in the intervention group and 92 999 person-quarters were in the comparison group. For baseline patient characteristics, only 2014 quarter 1 data were used, with 3575 persons from TEAM UP FQHCs and 5949 persons from comparison group FQHCs, for a total of 9524 persons.