Table 1.
Characteristics of individuals with deliberate self-harm (DSH) behavior based on psychiatric diagnosis status (receiving at least one psychiatric diagnosis either before or after DSH event or not receiving any at all).
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Self-harm before receiving psychiatric diagnosis (n=755, 13.39%) | Self-harm after receiving psychiatric diagnosis (n=3821, 67.75%) | No psychiatric diagnosis (n=1064, 18.87%) | Total (N=5640) | P value | ||||||||||
| Suicide survival status, n (%) | <.001 | ||||||||||||||
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Survived | 738 (97.7) | 3403 (89.06) | 867 (81.48) | 5008 (88.79) |
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Death by suicide | 17 (2.3) | 418 (10.94) | 197 (18.52) | 632 (11.21) |
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| Self-harm severity, n (%) | <.001 | ||||||||||||||
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Fatal | 364 (48.2) | 1393 (36.46) | 600 (56.39) | 2357 (41.79) |
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Nonfatal | 391 (51.8) | 2428 (63.54) | 464 (43.61) | 3283 (58.21) |
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| Demographic factors | |||||||||||||||
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Sex, n (%) | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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Male | 399 (52.8) | 1505 (39.39) | 669 (62.88) | 2573 (45.62) |
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Female | 356 (47.2) | 2316 (60.61) | 395 (37.12) | 3067 (54.38) |
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Age, median (range) | 40.0 (25.0-53.0) | 48.0 (32.0-63.0) | 43.0 (29.0-54.0) | 46.0 (30.0-59.0) | <.001 | |||||||||
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Age group, n (%) | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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10-19 | 104 (13.8) | 264 (6.91) | 123 (11.56) | 491 (8.71) |
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20-29 | 139 (18.4) | 562 (14.71) | 154 (14.47) | 855 (15.16) |
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30-39 | 134 (17.7) | 523 (13.69) | 192 (18.05) | 849 (15.05) |
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40-49 | 133 (17.6) | 670 (17.53) | 213 (20.02) | 1016 (18.01) |
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50-59 | 132 (17.5) | 686 (17.95) | 200 (18.80) | 1018 (18.05) |
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60-69 | 61 (8.1) | 430 (11.25) | 88 (8.27) | 579 (10.27) |
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70-79 | 31 (4.1) | 405 (10.60) | 73 (6.86) | 509 (9.02) |
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>80 | 21 (2.8) | 281 (7.35) | 21 (1.97) | 323 (5.73) |
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| Health-related factor | |||||||||||||||
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Charlson comorbidity index score, median (range) | 0.0 (0.0-2.0) | 1.0 (0.0-3.0) | 1.0 (0.0-2.0) | 1.0 (0.0-3.0) | <.001 | |||||||||
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Cancer, n (%) | 298 (39.5) | 1827 (47.81) | 363 (34.12) | 2488 (44.11) | <.001 | |||||||||
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Psychiatric visit, n (%) | 540 (71.5) | 3261 (85.34) | 0 (0.00) | 3801 (67.39) | <.001 | |||||||||
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Disability, n (%) | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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Mild | 43 (5.7) | 353 (9.24) | 52 (4.89) | 448 (7.94) |
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Severe | 32 (4.2) | 255 (6.67) | 21 (1.97) | 308 (5.46) |
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No | 680 (90.1) | 3213 (84.09) | 991 (93.14) | 4884 (86.60) |
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| Socioeconomic factor, n (%) | |||||||||||||||
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Smoking | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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Moderate | 283 (37.5) | 1731 (45.30) | 403 (37.88) | 2417 (42.85) |
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Heavy | 171 (22.6) | 702 (18.37) | 252 (23.68) | 1125 (19.95) |
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N/Aa | 301 (39.9) | 1388 (36.33) | 409 (38.44) | 2098 (37.20) |
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Drinking | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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Moderate | 265 (35.1) | 1697 (44.41) | 376 (35.34) | 2338 (41.45) |
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Heavy | 190 (25.2) | 730 (19.11) | 278 (26.13) | 1198 (21.24) |
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N/A | 300 (39.7) | 1394 (36.48) | 410 (38.53) | 2104 (37.31) |
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National Health Insurance | <.001 | |||||||||||||
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Employee or local | 718 (95.1) | 3343 (87.49) | 1029 (96.71) | 5090 (90.25) |
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Medical benefit | 37 (4.9) | 478 (12.51) | 35 (3.29) | 550 (9.75) |
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aN/A: not applicable.