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. 2023 Apr 12;9:e41261. doi: 10.2196/41261

Table 2.

Comparison of individuals with deliberate self-harm by the different departments through which one received a psychiatric diagnosis.

Variable Psychiatric diagnosis from psychiatry (n=951, 16.86%) Psychiatric diagnosis from other departments first, then psychiatry (n=1330, 23.58%) Psychiatric diagnosis from psychiatry first, then other departments (n=1520, 26.95%) Psychiatric diagnosis from other departments (n=775, 13.74%) No psychiatric diagnosis (n=1064, 18.87%) Total (N=5640) P value
Survival status, n (%) <.001

Survived 888 (93.4) 1212 (91.13) 1366 (89.87) 675 (87.1) 867 (81.48) 5008 (88.79)

Death by suicide 63 (6.6) 118 (8.87) 154 (10.13) 100 (12.9) 197 (18.52) 632 (11.21)
Self-harm severity, n (%) <.001

Fatal 615 (64.7) 877 (65.94) 946 (62.24) 381 (49.2) 464 (43.61) 2357 (41.79)

Nonfatal 336 (35.3) 453 (34.06) 574 (37.76) 394 (50.8) 600 (56.39) 3283 (58.21)
Demographic factors

Sex, n (%) <.001


Male 432 (45.4) 504 (37.89) 562 (36.97) 406 (52.4) 669 (62.88) 2573 (45.62)


Female 519 (54.6) 826 (62.11) 958 (63.03) 369 (47.6) 395 (37.12) 3067 (54.38)

Age (years), median (range) 32.0 (21.0-47.0) 45.0 (30.0-59.0) 52.0 (38.0-68.0) 53.0 (40.0-66.0) 43.0 (29.0-54.0) 51.0 (40.0-64.0) <.001

Age groups, n (%) <.001


10-19 178 (18.6) 100 (7.52) 64 (4.21) 26 (3.3) 123 (11.56) 491 (8.71)


20-29 247 (25.8) 227 (17.07) 163 (10.72) 64 (8.2) 154 (14.47) 855 (15.16)


30-39 170 (17.7) 200 (15.04) 191 (12.57) 96 (12.4) 192 (18.05) 849 (15.05)


40-49 153 (16.0) 241 (18.12) 266 (17.50) 143 (18.4) 213 20.02) 1016 (18.01)


50-59 101 (10.5) 230 (17.29) 311 (20.46) 176 (22.7) 200 (18.80) 1018 (18.05)


60-69 54 (5.6) 155 (11.65) 180 (11.84) 102 (13.1) 88 (8.27) 579 (10.27)


70-79 32 (3.3) 113 (8.50) 202 (13.29) 89 (11.5) 73 (6.86) 509 (9.02)


>80 16 (1.7) 64 (4.81) 143 (9.41) 79 (10.1) 21 (1.97) 323 (5.73)

Medical history–related factor


Cancer, n (%) 322 (33.9) 641 (48.20) 812 (53.42) 350 (45.2) 363 (34.12) 2488 (44.11) <.001


Charlson comorbidity index score, median (range) 0.0 (0.0-1.0) 1.0 (0.0-2.0) 2.0 (0.0-3.0) 2.0 (0.0-3.0) 1.0 (0.0-2.0) 2.0 (0.0-3.0) <.001

Disability status, n (%) <.001


Mild 24 (2.5) 106 (7.97) 173 (11.38) 83 (10.7) 52 (4.89) 438 (7.77)


Severe 32 (3.3) 103 (7.74) 118 (7.76) 35 (4.5) 21 (1.97) 309 (5.48)


No 895 (94.1) 1121 (84.29) 1229 (80.86) 657 (84.8) 991 (93.14) 4893 (86.76)
Socioeconomic factors, n (%)

Smoking <.001


Moderate 278 (29.2) 574 (43.16) 772 (50.79) 390 (50.3) 403 (37.88) 2417 (42.85)


Heavy 163 (17.1) 250 (18.80) 291 (19.14) 169 (21.8) 252 (23.68) 1125 (19.95)


N/Aa 510 (53.6) 506 (38.04) 457 (30.07) 216 (27.9) 409 (38.44) 2098 (37.20)

Drinking <.001


Moderate 250 (26.3) 582 (43.76) 775 (50.99) 355 (45.8) 376 (35.34) 2338 (41.45)


Heavy 192 (20.2) 241 (18.12) 284 (18.68) 203 (26.2) 278 (26.13) 1198 (21.24)


N/A 509 (53.5) 507 (38.12) 461 (30.33) 217 (28.0) 410 (38.53) 2104 (37.30)

National Health Insurance <.001


Employee or local 928 (97.6) 1160 (87.22) 1273 (83.75) 700 (90.3) 1029 (96.71) 5090 (90.25)


Medical benefit 23 (2.4) 170 (12.78) 247 (16.25) 75 (9.7) 35 (3.29) 550 (9.75)

aN/A: not applicable.