Table 3.

Cox proportional hazards regression of the association between self-harm-related potential risk factors and suicide-related mortality.

				Univariate analysis							Multivariate analysis
				Coefa		HRb (95% CI)		P value		Coef			HR (95% CI)		P value
Self-harm severity				1.659		5.25 (4.35-6.34)		<.001c		1.461			4.31 (3.55-5.26)		<.001c
Demographic factors
	Sex
		Female	N/Ad		1 (reference)		N/A		N/A			1 (reference)		N/A
		Male	0.716		0.49 (0.42-0.57)		<.001c		0.362			0.70 (0.59-0.83)		<.001c
	Age			0.034		1.04 (1.03-1.04)		<.001c		0.042			1.04 (1.03-1.06)		<.001c
Medical history–related factor
	Cancer			−0.149		0.86 (0.74-1.01)		.07		N/A			N/A		N/A
	Charlson comorbidity index			0.411		1.51 (1.43-1.59)		<.001c		0.087			0.92 (0.77-1.10)		.34
	Disability status
		No	N/A		1 (reference)		N/A		N/A			1 (reference)		N/A
		Mild	0.722		0.49 (0.39-0.61)		<.001c		0.160			0.85 (0.68-1.07)		.17
		Severe	−1.024		0.36 (0.23-0.56)		<.001c		−0.563			0.57 (0.37-0.89)		.01e
Socioeconomic factor
	Smoking			0.129		0.88 (0.79-0.98)		.02e		0.272			0.76 (0.62-0.93)		.009f
	Drinking			0.156		0.86 (0.77-0.95)		.004f		0.288			0.75 (0.61-0.92)		.005f
	National Health Insurance
		Medical benefit	N/A		1 (reference)		N/A		N/A			1 (reference)		N/A
		Employee or local	−1.024		0.89 (0.67-1.17)		.39		N/A			N/A		N/A
Psychiatric diagnosis and psychiatry department–related factor
	Psychiatric diagnosis type
		Psychiatric diagnosis first	N/A		1 (reference)		N/A		N/A			1 (reference)		N/A
		Self-harm first	−1.729		0.18 (0.11-0.29)		<.001c		−1.865			0.15 (0.10-0.25)		<.001c
		No psychiatric diagnosis	0.541		1.72 (1.45-2.04)		<.001c		0.608			1.84 (1.47-2.30)		<.001c
	Psychiatry visit type
		Psychiatry first, then other	N/A		1 (reference)		N/A		N/A			1 (reference)		N/A
		Only psychiatry	−0.418		0.66 (0.49-0.88)		.005f		−0.380			1.46 (1.08-1.99)		.02e
		Other first, then psychiatry	−0.143		0.87 (0.68-1.10)		.24		−0.104			1.11 (0.87-1.41)		.40
		Only other departments	0.247		1.28 (1.00-1.65)		.05		0.262			1.30 (1.01-1.68)		.04e
		No psychiatric diagnosis	N/A		1.82 (1.47-2.25)		<.001c		N/A			N/A		N/A

^aCoef: coefficient.

^bHR: hazard ratio.

^cP<.001.

^dN/A: not applicable.

^eP<.05.

^fP<.01.