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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Sep 16.
Published in final edited form as: N Engl J Med. 2023 Mar 16;388(11):1055–1056. doi: 10.1056/NEJMc2211539

Table 1.

Medically Actionable Genes with Pathogenic or Likely Pathogenic Variants Identified in the Study Population.

Gene Genetic Disorder Risk PMID*
BRCA1 Breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer Breast cancer, 40–87%; ovarian cancer, 16–86%; pancreatic cancer, 2.5% 28632866 (breast and ovarian), 35077220 (pancreatic)
BRCA2 Breast, ovarian, and pancreatic cancer Breast cancer, 27–84%; ovarian cancer, 13–32%; pancreatic cancer, 2.5% 28632866 (breast and ovarian), 35077220 (pancreatic)
MYH11 Aortic dissection 17% 17666408
GLA Fabry disease (cardiac, cerebro- vascular, and renal) Neuropathic pain, 64%; kidney impairment, 33%; end-stage kidney disease, 1%; transient ischemic attack or stroke, 27%; tinnitus and hearing loss, 47%; gastrointestinal symptoms, 53% 15025684
PKP2 Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia or cardiomyopathy 11–47% 17010805
KCNQ1 Familial atrial fibrillation; long QT syndrome Long QT syndrome, 73%; sudden death, 9.5% 12702160
SCN5A Six different cardiac arrythmias; the Brugada syndrome Syncope, 22–30%; sudden cardiac death, 10–20% 27472692, 27566755
RYR1 Central core disease of muscle; malignant hyperthermia Malignant hyperthermia, 40.6% 31206373
APOB Familial hypercholesterolemia Hepatic steatosis, nearly 100%; severe hepatic steatosis witl occasional progression to cirrhosis, 5–10% 33983694
CACNA1S Hypokalemic periodic paralysis Hypokalemic periodic paralysis characterized by low potassi- um, myopathy, and recurrent episodic paralysis, 84–100% 15098604
*

PubMed identification numbers (PMIDs) are provided for the reference or references from which the risk values were obtained.