TABLE 2.
The FDA‐approved CAR‐T‐cell medications for hematological malignancies.
| Medication | Abecma (idecabtagene vicleucel) | Breyanzi (lisocabtagene maraleucel) | Kymriah (tisagenlecleucel) | Tecartus (brexucabtagene autoleucel) | Yescarta (axicabtagene ciloleucel) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FDA approval | Multiple myeloma: 2021 | Large B‐cell lymphoma: 2021 |
acute lymphoblastic leukemia: 2017 Large B‐cell lymphoma: 2018 |
Mantle cell lymphoma: 2020 |
Large B‐cell lymphoma: 2017 Follicular lymphoma: 2021 |
| CAR Construct | CD19scFv, 4‐1BB, CD3‐ζ | CD19scFv, CD28, CD3‐ζ | CD19scFv, 4‐1BB, CD3‐ζ | CD19scFv, CD28, CD3‐ζ | CD19scFv, CD28, CD3‐ζ |
| Vector | Lentiviral vector | Lentiviral vector | Lentiviral vector | Retroviral vector | Retroviral vector |
| Target antigen | Anti‐CD38 monoclonal antibody | Anti‐CD19 monoclonal antibody | Anti‐CD19 monoclonal antibody | Anti‐CD20 monoclonal antibody | Anti‐CD19 monoclonal antibody |
| Bridging chemotherapy | Yes: 87% | Yes: 59% | Yes: 59% | Yes: 37% | No: ‐ |
| CAR‐T dose | 450 × 106 CAR‐T cells/kg | 50 × 106 CAR‐T cells/kg | 3 × 108 CAR‐T cells/kg | 2 × 106 CAR‐T cells/kg | 2 × 106 CAR‐T cells/kg |
| Efficacy |
Overall response: 72% Complete response: 33% |
Overall response: 61% Complete response: 44% |
Overall response: 52% Complete response: 40% |
Overall response: 85% Complete response: 59% |
Overall response: 82% Complete response: 54% |
| Safety |
Cytokine release syndrome: 84% Neurotoxicity: 18% |
Cytokine release syndrome: 42% Neurotoxicity: 30% |
Cytokine release syndrome: 58% Neurotoxicity: 21% |
Cytokine release syndrome: 91% Neurotoxicity: 63% |
Cytokine release syndrome: 93% Neurotoxicity: 64% |
| Side effects | Cytokine release syndrome | Cytokine release syndrome | B‐cell aplasia, off‐target activity | Cytokine release syndrome | Cytokine release syndrome |