Table 2.
Differences in clinical risk factors associated with CPE colonization and acquisition.
| Characteristic | Total (n = 77) |
Colonization (n = 51) |
Acquisition (n = 26) |
p-Value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Days from admission to CPE-positive sample collected (mean ± SD) | 6.0 ± 13.0 | 0.5 ± 0.7 | 16.8 ± 18.1 | <0.001 a | ||||
| Treatment in ICU | ||||||||
| Yes | 31 | (40.3) | 10 | (19.6) | 21 | (80.8) | <0.001 | |
| No | 46 | (59.7) | 41 | (80.4) | 5 | (19.2) | ||
| Open wound | ||||||||
| Yes | 39 | (50.6) | 22 | (43.1) | 17 | (65.4) | 0.092 | |
| No | 38 | (49.4) | 29 | (56.9) | 9 | (34.6) | ||
| Surgery b | ||||||||
| Yes | 15 | (19.5) | 8 | (15.7) | 7 | (26.9) | 0.361 | |
| No | 62 | (80.5) | 43 | (84.3) | 19 | (73.1) | ||
| Invasive device c | ||||||||
| None | 16 | (20.8) | 14 | (27.5) | 2 | (7.7) | 0.070 | |
| Urinary catheter | 52 | (67.5) | 30 | (58.8) | 22 | (84.6) | 0.038 | |
| Central catheter | 33 | (42.9) | 13 | (25.5) | 20 | (76.9) | <0.001 | |
| Gastrointestinal tube | 22 | (28.6) | 9 | (17.6) | 13 | (50.0) | 0.007 | |
| Drainage tube | 9 | (11.7) | 6 | (11.8) | 3 | (11.5) | 1 | |
| Mechanical ventilation | 10 | (13.0) | 3 | (5.9) | 7 | (26.9) | 0.026 | |
| Antibiotic exposure c | ||||||||
| None | 12 | (15.6) | 11 | (21.6) | 1 | (3.8) | 0.051 | |
| Carbapenems | 28 | (36.4) | 14 | (27.5) | 14 | (53.8) | 0.027 | |
| Penicillins | 28 | (36.4) | 17 | (33.3) | 11 | (42.3) | 0.463 | |
| Cephalosporins | 42 | (54.5) | 26 | (51.0) | 16 | (61.5) | 0.470 | |
| Glycopeptides | 20 | (26.0) | 8 | (15.7) | 12 | (46.2) | 0.006 | |
| Fluoroquinolones | 42 | (54.5) | 27 | (52.9) | 15 | (57.7) | 0.810 | |
| Vancomycin | 10 | (13.0) | 5 | (9.8) | 5 | (19.2) | 0.292 | |
Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). CPE, carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae; ICU, intensive care unit. a t-test, b Excluding simple surgery, c Multiple responses.