Table 1.

Method of action of widely available antioxidants.

Antioxidant	Mechanism of Action
Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)	Neutralizes free radicals [20]
Enzymatic antioxidants (catalase, peroxidase, etc.)	Neutralizes free radicals [21]
Folate (vitamin B9)	Scavenges free radicals [22]
Tocopherol (vitamin E)	Neutralizes free radicals [23,24]
Selenium	Enzymatic antioxidant activity enhancement [25]
Zinc	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase inhibition [26]
Carnitines	Neutralizes free radicals; acting as energy source [27]
CoQ10	Reduced form active in humans, scavenges free radicals intermediate in mitochondrial electron transport system [28]
NAC	Supporting enzymatic antioxidant activity [29]
Lycopene	Neutralizing free radicals [30]