Table 1.

Inhibitors of lipid oxidation reactions.

Type	Mode of Action	Examples
“Metal scavenger”	Chelates metal ions such as copper and iron, forming inactive complexes	Chelating agents such as EDTA, citric acid, phospholipids, polyphosphates
“Oxygen scavenger”	Reacts with oxygen; reduces oxygen	Ascorbic acid, ascorbyl-palmitate
Antioxidant (AH)	Interrupts propagation stages in the case of oxidation reactions; donates a hydrogen atom	Phenolic compounds such as BHA, BHT, TBHQ, PG, tocopherols, hydroxytyrosol, caffeic acid, carnosol, etc.
Reducing agents (RSH)	Regenerates phenols (synergism)	Ascorbic acid
Enzymatic antioxidant	Removes dissolved oxygen or oxidative species	Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glucose-oxidase-catalase
Antioxidants with multiple functions	Regenerates primary antioxidants chelated with metals; reduces hydroperoxides	Phospholipids (phosphatidyl-ethanol amine- fish oil), products of the Maillard reaction
Methyl-silicone and ethylidene phytosterols	They prevent oxidative polymerization in heated oils	Polydimethylsiloxane, citrostadienol