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. 2023 Apr 11;13(8):1304. doi: 10.3390/ani13081304

Table 3.

Time to non-detection of Salmonella in control (without acidulant) fat or oil system.

Chicken Fat Canola Oil Fish Oil Lard Tallow
Fat phase 1.67 h * 1.67 h 0.67 h 1 h 1.67 h
Water phase >24 h >24 h 0.25 h >24 h >24 h

* Time was calculated averaging the controls (fat system without acidulant treatment) from 6 sets of experiments.