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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 27.
Published in final edited form as: Ment Health Phys Act. 2023 Mar 27;24:100515. doi: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2023.100515

Table 3.

Unconditional Means of the Intermediate Targets, Proximal Outcomes, and Primary Outcome for Virtual PACE-Life and Fitbit Alone

Virtual PACE-Life Fitbit Alone
Measure Timepoint N Mean SD Min Max N Mean SD Min Max
BPNS Autonomy Baseline 17 4.908 1.233 2.286 7.000 20 4.693 0.715 3.143 5.857
Midpoint 16 5.000 0.991 3.000 6.286 19 4.549 0.905 3.000 6.000
Posttest 15 4.543 1.278 1.286 6.714 16 4.768 0.911 3.286 6.286
Follow-up 15 4.733 1.190 3.143 7.000 15 4.848 0.780 3.857 6.143

BPNS Relatedness Baseline 17 5.353 0.897 3.750 6.875 20 5.450 0.950 4.250 7.000
Midpoint 16 5.109 0.862 3.250 6.125 19 5.086 0.916 3.000 6.750
Posttest 15 5.000 0.966 3.625 6.625 16 4.922 1.147 3.125 7.000
Follow-up 15 5.000 1.023 3.250 7.000 15 5.067 1.372 2.875 7.000

BPNS Competence Baseline 17 4.490 1.139 2.500 6.167 20 4.458 1.246 2.500 7.000
Midpoint 16 4.802 0.999 2.500 6.500 19 4.158 0.917 2.500 6.000
Posttest 15 4.911 0.882 3.167 6.333 16 4.271 1.312 2.000 7.000
Follow-up 15 4.578 0.902 3.000 6.000 15 4.378 1.346 2.167 7.000

BPNES Autonomy Baseline 17 3.044 1.216 1.000 5.000 20 3.538 1.074 1.250 5.000
Midpoint 16 3.641 0.796 2.250 5.000 19 3.487 0.956 1.000 4.750
Posttest 15 3.467 0.990 2.000 5.000 16 3.812 0.704 2.250 5.000
Follow-up 15 3.450 1.111 1.250 5.000 15 3.717 0.925 1.750 5.000

BPNES Relatedness Baseline 17 2.922 1.326 1.000 5.000 20 2.417 1.544 1.000 5.000
Midpoint 16 3.104 1.354 1.000 5.000 19 2.491 1.525 1.000 5.000
Posttest 15 3.000 1.254 1.000 4.667 16 3.333 1.388 1.000 5.000
Follow-up 15 2.622 1.402 1.000 5.000 15 2.444 1.395 1.000 5.000

BPNES Competence Baseline 17 2.750 1.149 1.500 4.750 20 2.850 1.344 1.000 5.000
Midpoint 16 3.594 0.790 2.250 5.000 19 2.921 1.134 1.000 4.750
Posttest 15 3.017 1.120 1.000 4.500 16 2.969 0.991 1.250 4.750
Follow-up 15 3.100 0.967 1.750 4.750 15 3.383 1.121 1.500 5.000

BREQ-RAI Baseline 17 7.010 7.886 −14.250 17.250 20 5.279 7.709 −5.500 18.000
Midpoint 16 8.391 7.230 −13.250 17.333 19 5.961 6.404 −7.583 16.167
Posttest 15 5.689 7.336 −11.917 17.167 16 5.589 5.357 −3.500 15.417
Follow-up 15 6.600 8.472 −16.000 17.333 15 7.950 4.962 −2.833 15.000

Minutes Spent Walking Baseline 17 31.647 40.812 0.000 110.000 18 44.278 88.842 0.000 316.000
Midpoint 16 78.500 94.809 0.000 292.000 19 82.947 149.957 0.000 623.000
Posttest 15 55.867 83.874 0.000 289.000 16 58.188 149.560 0.000 584.000
Follow-up 12 43.500 83.645 0.000 270.000 12 180.833 456.068 0.000 1609.000

Steps/day Baseline 17 4940.529 4463.869 915.000 16322.000 18 5010.667 3487.757 751.000 13022.000
Midpoint 16 5547.688 3304.624 689.000 11288.000 19 4934.158 3253.810 764.000 10216.000
Posttest 14 4274.429 3039.565 1368.000 10447.000 16 4503.875 3860.307 339.000 13431.000
Follow-up 13 3720.769 2438.491 1552.000 10097.000 14 5791.429 7272.731 729.000 29884.000

6-Minute Walk Test Baseline 12 458.775 91.467 327.100 617.500 11 467.209 83.828 354.800 636.100
Midpoint 11 468.445 99.444 303.300 594.400 9 434.711 52.507 316.100 487.700
Posttest 11 452.355 103.346 297.200 619.700 9 448.711 59.594 317.600 514.500
Follow-up 11 451.836 89.743 309.400 609.600 8 482.425 70.483 358.100 568.800

Note. SD = standard deviation; BPNS = Basic Psychological Needs Scale – In General; BPNES = Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale; RAI = Relative Autonomy Index