Figure 4.

Colchicine inhibited mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs) activation: (A) Western blots for proteins of p-P38, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK), and phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK). Colchicine averted relative protein expression of (B) p-P38, (C) p-ERK, and (D) p-JNK in ethanol-treated endothelial cells. α-Tubulin was used as a loading control for all proteins expression except p-JNK. β-actin was used as a loading control for only p-JNK on a separate membrane. The experiment was performed with independent biological triplicates. The data was analyzed by performing one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Error bars represent the SD (**** p < 0.0001, *** p < 0.001, ** p < 0.01, and * p < 0.05).