Table 1.
Protein Name | Gene ID | Reproductive Function | Source |
---|---|---|---|
Plasma membrane calcium-transporting ATPase | PMCA4 | Sperm hyperactivation and acrosome reaction | Al-Dossary, A.A. (2013) [25] |
Pregnancy zone protein | PZP | Suppress T-cell function to prevent fetal rejection; Efficiently inhibits the aggregation of misfolded proteins during pregnancy | Skornicka, E. (2004) [40] Cater, H.J. (2019) [41] |
Profilin 1 | PFN1 | Actin assembly regulator, essential for cell division and survival during embryogenesis | Witke, W. (2001) [42] |
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein | ADAM10 | Regulate Notch signaling, early embryonic cardiovascular development | Zhang, C. (2010) [43] |
Gelsolin | GSN | Actin-severing protein regulates acrosome reaction and sperm capacitation |
Finkelstein, M. (2010) [44] |
Tetraspanin CD9 | CD9 | Egg membrane protein essential for sperm-egg fusion | Miyado, K. (2000) [45] |
Heat shock 70 kDa protein 2 | HSPA2 | Sperm fertilization ability | Feng, H.L (2001) [46] |
Heat shock 90 kDa protein | HSP90 | Modulate sperm capacitation via Erk1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling | Sun, P. (2021) [47] |
Tubulin beta-4B chain | TUBB4B | Ciliary motility; egg, gamete transport | Yuan, S. (2021) [48] |
Serpin Family G Member 1 | SERPING1 | Endometrial receptivity, implantation | Mirkin, S. (2005) [49] |
Annexin A2 | ANXA2 | Critical for embryo adhesiveness to the human endometrium by RhoA activation | Garrido-Gómez, T. (2012) [50] |