Table 2.

Electrocatalytic performance of various functional molecules based electrochemical biosensors.

Electrode	Analyte	Technique	Linear Range	LOD	Sensitivity	Ref.
Mg-MOF/GNPs/Mb	TCA	CV	1–200 mM	0.33 mM	-	[123]
	Nitrite	CV	0.8–18 mM	0.26 mM
SPE/MoS2-Cu-MOF/GNPs/Ab	CA125	DPV	0.5 mU/mL –500 U/mL	0.5 mU	-	[124]
Cu-MOF/GNPs/CHA-HCR	MiR-21	DPV	0.1 fM–100 pM	0.02 fM	-	[125]
GCE/MMOF/GNFs	H2O2	CA	5 µM–15 mM; 15–120 mM	0.9 µM	-	[126]
GCE/FA-Zr-MOF	HeLa cells	EIS	1 × 102–1 ×106 cells/mL	90 cells/mL	-	[127]
GCE/NA-Zr-MOF/dsDNA	MiR-21	DPV	0.02–10 pM	8.2 fM	-	[128]
	Let-7a		0.01–10 pM	3.6 fM
Cr-MOF/PdNPs/c-DNA	HeLa cells	DPV	5 × 102–1.62 ×107 cells/mL	11.25 cells/mL	-	[129]
Co-MOF/GNPs/MWCNT/Cyt-c	nitrite	DPV	5 nM–1 mM	4.4 nM	-	[131]
ITO/PANI/Cu-MOF/Ab	E. coli	EIS	2–2 × 108 cfu/mL	2 cfu/mL	-	[132]
SPE/TCOF/SOD	Superoxide	CA	10 nM–100 µM	0.5 nM	-	[138]
GCE/COF/ACLE	Carbaryl	EIS	0.48–35 µM	0.16 µM	-	[139]
GCE/Fe3O4COF/HRP	HQ	DPV	0.5–300 µM	120 nM	-	[140]
GCE/Fe3O4COF/GNPs/DNA	ATP	CV	5 pM–50 µM	1.6 pM	-	[141]
COF/DNA/HRP	exosomes	CA	104–107 particles/µL	7668 particles/µL	-	[142]
GCE/AMIL/Hb	Bromate	CA	12–228 µM	3 µM	430.7 µA/mM/cm2	[151]
			228 µM–4.42 mM		148.4 µA/mM/cm2
SPCE/ERGO/AFIL/GOD	Glucose	CA	0.05–2.4 mM	17 µM	17.7 µA/mM/cm2	[152]
GCE/RTAFIL/GNPs/HRP	H2O2	CA	20 µM–0.72 mM	3.7 µM	63.4 µA/mM/cm2	[153]
			0.72–2.77 mM		51.1 µA/mM/cm2
CAA-IL/MWCNT/Lac	GA	FIA	6 µM–0.3 mM	3 µM	91.9 µA/mM/cm2	[154]
GCE/ASAIM-IL/GOD	Glucose	CA	1 µM–12 mM	0.572 µM	38.35 µA/M/cm2	[155]
SILGE/PB/TMX/GOD	Glucose	CA	0–15 mM	24.5 µM	-	[157]
GCE/AMIM-GO/CLO	CL	ADPSV	5–1000 nM	0.885 nM	-	[158]
GCE/AMIM-GO/ACLE	ACL			1.352 nM	-
PGE/BMIM/BRC	BRCA1	DPV	2–10 µg/mL	1.48 µg/mL	1.49 µA mL/µg/cm2	[159]
GCE/IL-MWCNT/Catl/GOD/CS	Glucose	DPV	0.5–100 µM	0.2 µM	-	[160]
CPE/IL-GQDs/ds-DNA	Tpn	DPV	0.35–100 µM	0.1 µM	-	[161]