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. 2023 Apr 21;12(4):978. doi: 10.3390/antiox12040978

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Analysis of gut microbiota composition revealed that treatment with metformin (MET) or Morus alba L. extract (MAE) restored dysbiosis produced by the HFD administration. (A) Alpha diversity index quantification. (B) Beta diversity index represented by Bray–Curtis distance. (C) Relative abundance at phylum level. (D) Quantification of F/B ratio. (E) Relative abundance at genus level. (F) Quantification of plasma LPS levels. Data are expressed as means ±SEM (n = 8). Groups with different letters statistically differ (p < 0.05). SD: standard diet; HFD: high-fat diet.