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. 2023 Mar 23;10(4):609. doi: 10.3390/children10040609

Table 3.

Model coefficient effect of maternal playfulness on each ASQ-3 area of children’s development.

Mothers’ Intrusiveness Communication Gross Motor Fine Motor Problem-Solving Personal–Social
Model 1 Model 2 Model 3 Model 4 Model 5
Coeff. SE p Coeff. SE p Coeff. SE p Coeff. SE p Coeff. SE p Coeff. SE p
Maternal playfulness −0.33 0.07 <0.001 0.14 0.08 0.08 0.11 0.08 0.19 0.07 0.08 0.37 0.07 0.08 0.36 0.24 0.08 0.004
Mothers’ intrusiveness - - - −0.21 0.11 0.07 −0.06 0.12 0.60 −0.22 0.12 0.06 −0.27 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.11 0.55
Intercept 3.39 0.22 <0.001 0.12 0.44 0.78 −0.16 0.47 0.73 0.34 0.45 0.46 0.45 0.45 0.31 −0.84 0.45 0.07
R2 = 0.22 R2 = 0.14 R2 = 0.04 R2 = 0.09 R2 = 0.13 R2 = 0.11
F (1, 77) = 21.94,
p < 0.001
F (2, 76) = 6.24,
p = 0.003
F (2, 76) = 1.72,
p = 0.185
F (2, 76) = 3.95,
p = 0.023
F (2, 76) = 5.44,
p = 0.006
F (2, 76) = 4.72,
p = 0.011