Table 2.
Sociodemographic characteristics of the health professionals included in the clinical studies of the systematic review.
| Author | Sample | Location | Sex | Age (Years) |
Race or Ethnicity |
Profession | Place of Work | Experience (Years) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| M | F | Public | Private | Hospital | Outpatient | Schools | Rural | Urban | Suburban | |||||||
|
Edwards et al. (1994) [41] |
116 | USA | 73 | 41 | 30–>60 | - | Pediatricians | - | - | - | - | - | - | 27% | 68% | |
|
Riaño et al. (1998) [42] |
157 | Spain | 81 | 73 | <45–>45 (AA 41) |
- | Pediatricians Pediatric Residents Pediatric Surgeons | 100% | 0% | 49% | 56% | 0% | 13% | 87% | - | - |
|
Sawni et al. (2007) [37] |
648 | USA | 311 | 337 | <35–>59 | Caucasian: 81%; Asian 9%; African-American 4%; Hispanic 3%; Others 2.5%; Native American 0.5% |
Pediatricians | 46% | 54% | 30% | 70% | - | - | - | <15: 55% >15: 45% |
|
|
Youssef et al. (2007) [43] |
141 | USA | 0 | 141 | - | - | Nurses | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 26.2 YA |
| Bhatia et al. (2008) [36] | 339 | United Kingdom | - | - | - | - | Clinicians | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
|
Glazebrook et al. (2009) [44] |
118 | United Kingdom | 37 | 81 | - | - | Pediatricians Nurses Physiotherapists Occupational Therapists |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 9.72 YA |
|
Thompson et al. (2010) [38] |
303 | USA | 154 | 149 | <40–>51 | White, non-Hispanic: 55.8%; Black, non-Hispanic: 4.6%; Hispanic: 16.5%; Other 23.4% |
Pediatricians | 50.5% | 76.2% | 50.5% | 73% | 0% | - | - | - | 0–10: 32.0% 11–20: 34.0% >21: 34.0% |
|
Schlarb et al. (2011) [40] |
167 | Germany | 67 | 100 | 35–70 (AA 51.9) | - | Pediatricians | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21.4 YA |
|
Schurman et al. (2014) [33] |
470 | USA | - | - | - | - | Pediatricians | - | - | - | - | - | 17% | 26% | 56% | >30: 15% 11–30: 59% ≤10: 26% |
| Al-Khotani et al. (2015) [45] |
248 | Sweden and Saudi Arabia | 124 | 124 | 26–52 | - | Dentists Orofacial Specialists Maxillofacial Specialists Periodontists General Practitioners |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
|
Høie et al. (2017) [5] |
17 | Norway | 0 | 17 | 29–65 | - | Nurses | 100% | - | - | - | |||||
|
Heinsch et al. (2019) [39] |
327 | Australia New Zealand | 130 | 197 | <34–75 | - | Pediatricians | 71.3% | 28.1% | 48.9%% | 50.5% | 0% | - | - | - | |
|
Miro et al. (2020) [35] |
191 | Spain | 101 | 90 | - | - | Pediatricians General Practitioners |
- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | 21 YA (SD 8) |
| Koechlin et al. (2022) [43] | 337 | Switzerland | 99 | 238 | 35–>65 | - | Pediatricians | 46.6% | >10 años 66% | |||||||
Abbreviations: AA: Age Average; YA: Years on Average; SD: Standard Deviation.