Table 1.
Patient characteristics 1.
| Variable | RATS (n = 366) |
VATS (n = 380) |
p Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 69.7 ± 9.8 | 69.1 ± 9.9 | 0.373 |
| Sex, n (%) | 0.269 | ||
| Female | 234 (63.9) | 228 (60.0) | |
| Male | 132 (36.1) | 152 (40.0) | |
| BMI, kg/m 2 | 27.5 ± 5.6 | 27.1 ± 5.3 | 0.289 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | 0.166 | ||
| Non-smoker | 81 (22.1) | 63 (16.6) | |
| Ex-smoker | 219 (59.8) | 254 (66.8) | |
| Smoker | 62 (16.9) | 63 (16.6) | |
| Unknown | 3 (0.8) | ||
| Pulmonary function | |||
| FEV1% of predicted | 91.9 ± 21.2 | 92.3 ± 22.3 | 0.790 |
| FVC% of predicted | 108.4 ± 20.8 | 108.9 ± 21.3 | 0.742 |
| DLCO% of predicted | 76.5 ± 20.1 | 72.2 ± 18.8 | 0.003 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Atrial fibrillation | 30 (8.2) | 26 (6.8) | <0.001 |
| Bronchiectasis | 6 (1.6) | 0.012 | |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 16 (4.4) | 13 (3.4) | 0.502 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 14 (3.8) | 19 (5.0) | 0.435 |
| COPD | 80 (21.9) | 92 (24.2) | 0.446 |
| Coronary artery disease | 47 (12.8) | 51 (13.4) | 0.815 |
| Interstitial lung disease | 1 (0.3) | 5 (1.3) | 0.111 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3 (0.8) | 3 (0.8) | 0.963 |
| Previous other cancer | 147 (40.2) | 125 (32.9) | 0.039 |
| Previous primary lung cancer | 18 (4.9) | 19 (5.0) | 0.959 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0.541 |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index, 2 median (range) | 6 (0–19) | 6 (0–18) | 0.977 |
| Induction chemotherapy, n (%) | 8 (2.2) | 10 (2.6) | 0.692 |
| Histopathology, n (%) | 0.820 | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 226 (61.7) | 217 (57.1) | |
| Squamous cell carcinoma | 49 (13.4) | 63 (16.6) | |
| Carcinoid tumor | 34 (9.3) | 24 (6.3%) | |
| Other | 57 (15.6) | 76 (20) | |
| Clinical stage, n (%) | |||
| 0 | 2 (0.5) | 1 (0.3) | |
| IA1 | 23 (6.3) | 16 (4.2) | |
| IA2 | 83 (22.7) | 98 (25.8) | |
| IA3 | 65 (17.8) | 43 (11.3) | |
| IB | 57 (15.6) | 64 (16.8) | |
| IIA | 19 (5.2) | 20 (5.3) | |
| IIB | 37 (10.1) | 36 (9.5) | |
| IIIA | 24 (6.6) | 32 (8.4) | |
| IIIB | 5 (1.4) | 7 (1.8) | |
| IIIC | |||
| IVA | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.3) | |
| IVB | 1 (0.3) | ||
| Unknown | 50 (13.7) | 61 (16.1) |
1 Plus–minus values are means ± standard deviations. 2 The Charlson Comorbidity Index quantifies an individual’s burden of disease, with scores ranging from 0 to 37; the higher the score, the more likely the predicted outcome will result in mortality or higher resource use. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DLCO, diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide; FEV1, forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC, forced vital capacity.