Table 2.
Progenitors of the mesodermal germ layer and its specific SEs.
| SEs | Tissue/Cell Type | Key TFs | Target Genes | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 340 SEs | Adipocytes in early adipogenesis | C/EBPβ, KLF4, KLF5, TIF-1β, GR, C/EBPδ, STAT1, STAT5A, JunB, FOSL2, ATF7, PBX1 | Genes related with early adipogenesis (proliferation, extracellular matrix–receptor interactions, and cell growth) | [124] |
| BA SEs | Brown adipocytes | PPARγ, RXR, C/EBP, SIX1 (late-stage) | Cebpa, Fabp4, Scd, late stages: Ucp1, Cidea, Fgf21, Ppara, etc. | [125] |
| SLC25A37 SE | Erythroid cells | GATA1, TAL1 | SLC25A37 (encodes Mitoferrin 1) | [126] |
| 543 SEs | Hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells | RUNX1, GATA2, FLI1 | ETV6, ERG, KIT, LMO2, MEIS1, etc. | [127] |
| 724 SEs | Chondrocytes | Sox6, Sox9 | Chst11, Col9a1, Wwp2, Acan, Sox9, Sox6, Runx2, and Fgfr3 | [128] |
| Cardiac SEs | Cardiac tissues | GATA4 and TBX5 | Genes involved in cardiac development | [129] |
| 2 SEs producing seRNA-1 and seRNA-2 | Myocytes | MyoD, MyoG, TCF12, TCF3, MEF2D, PBX1, FoxO3 | seRNA-1: myoglobin (Mb) and apolipoprotein L6 (Apol6); seRNA-2: Atp1a1 and Igsf3 | [130] |
| 728 SEs | Osteoclasts | Irf8, Fli1, Mafb, Fosl1/2, Junb, Myc, Nfkb2, Spi1, Relb | TFs such as Irf8 and Fos | [131] |
| 784 SEs | Lung fibroblasts | TBX2, TBX4, TBX5, HOXA5, FOXL1, FOXP1, MEIS1, TGIF1 | Genes associated with response to hypoxia and extracellular matrix organization | [132] |