Table 3.
Summary for lymphatic flow imaging.
| Authors | Year | No. of Procedures Performed | Mean pt Age | Indication | Surgical Procedure | Dose of Dye | Imaging System | Study Design | IDEAL Framework Stage |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yokoyama et al. [27] | 2020 | 1 | 2.5 m | Chylous ascites | Repairing of leak fibrin sealant with polyglycolic acid felt | ICG 0.1 mL id | Hamamatsu Photonics | Case report | 1 |
| Otake et al. [26] | 2015 | 1 | 13 y | Chylous ascites | Laparoscopic ligation of the leakage site | nd | nd | Case report | 1 |
| Pham et al. [25] | 2020 | 1 | 6 m | Postoperative chylothorax | Transcatheter occlusion of the thoracic duct | ICG 0.05 mL of 0.25 mg/mL id | nd | Case report | 1 |
| Shirotsuki et al. [22] | 2018 | 11 | range 1–25 d | Esophageal atresia + postoperative chylothorax | First thoracoscopic TEF repair (n = 8) and thoracoscopic repair of chylous leakage points (n = 3) | ICG 0.025 mg inter-toe injection | Karl Storz | Retrospective study | 2a |
| Tan et al. [23] | 2014 | 1 | 1 m | Postoperative chylothorax | Bilateral pleurodesis | ICG (id, 1st inj. 25 mcg, 2nd inj. 12.5 mcg, 3rd inj. 12.5 mcg) | nd | Case report | 1 |
| Chang et al. [24] | 2014 | 1 | 3 m | Postoperative chylothorax | Open ligation of fistula | ICG 2 mL sc | nd | Case report | 1 |
| Cheng et al. [30] | 2020 | 8 | 9.2 y | Primary lymphedema | Lymphovenous anastomosis or vascularized lymph node transfer | ICG 0.5 mL sd | Sony Corporation | Retrospective study | 2a |
| Mihara et al. [29] | 2015 | 5 | 15.5 m | Generalized lymphatic dysplasia | Lymphovenous anastomosis | ICG 0.1 mL sc | Hamamatsu Photonics | Retrospective study | 2a |
| Ogata et al. [28] | 2007 | 1 | 12 y | Lymphedema of the lower extremities | Lymphaticovenular anastomosis | ICG 0.2 mL id | Hamamatsu Photonics | Case report | 1 |
| Drobot et al. [32] | 2020 | 1 | 14 y | Lymphatic malformation | Surgical excision | ICG 0.3 to 0.4 mL sc | Stryker | Case report | 1 |
| Kato et al. [33] | 2017 | 1 | 11 m | Lymphatic malformation | Lymphatic venous anastomosis | ICG 0.02 mL sc | Zeiss | Case report | 1 |
| Shirota et al. [31] | 2017 | 1 | 15 y | Lymphatic malformation | Surgical excision | ICG 0.125 mg sc and id | Hamamatsu Photonics | Case report | 1 |
Abbrev. d: days; m: months; y: years; id: intradermal; pt: patient; sd: subdermally; sc: subcutaneously; TEF: tracheoesophageal fistula; inj: injection.