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. 2023 Mar 25;13(4):549. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13040549

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Low-dose LPS did not induce depressive-like behavior in mice. (A) Schema of the experiments. Different doses of LPS were administered to induce depressive-like behavior in mice. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with 10 μg/kg, 1 mg/kg or 5 mg/kg LPS, and behavioral tests were performed 24 h after injection (n = 8). Depressive-like behaviors were evaluated by measuring the total distance traveled (B,C) and velocity (D) in the OFT, and immobility time in the TST (E) and FST (F). (G–I) mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the mouse hippocampus were assessed (n = 4). The data were presented as the mean ± SEM; one-way ANOVA, ns indicated no significance, * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001.