Table 2.
Energy and dietary macronutrient intakes of female and male endurance athletes.
| Nutrient | Total Sample (n = 95) |
Female (n = 47) |
Male (n = 48) |
p * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy (kcal) | 2283 (1655–2826) | 1998 (1475–2441) | 2539 (1996–3246) | ≤0.0001 |
| Protein (% energy) | 18.9 (14.6–23.5) | 18.6 (15.0–22.9) | 18.9 (14.5–24.3) | 0.88 |
| Carbohydrate (% energy) | 43.4 (33.7–57.1) | 43.0 (34.8–56.3) | 46.4 (33.0–62.2) | 0.95 |
| Total fat (% energy) ⸹ | 34.3 (58.5–42.7) | 33.8 (28.7–44.3) | 34.4 (28.3–41.0) | 0.91 |
| SFA (% energy) | 10.1 (7.44–12.4) | 9.53 (7.4–11.7) | 10.2 (7.9–14.0) | 0.36 |
| PUFA (% energy) | 4.3 (3.0–7.2) | 4.4 (2.9–7.4) | 4.1 (3.0–6.1) | 0.60 |
| MUFA (% energy) | 8.4 (5.5–12.8) | 8.2 (5.0–13.5) | 8.7 (5.8–12.7) | 0.82 |
| LA (g) | 7.53 (3.62–13.4) | 7.29 (3.4–13.4) | 7.8 (3.8–13.9) | 0.84 |
| ALA (g) | 0.67 (0.38–1.34) | 0.68 (0.39–1.4) | 0.59 (0.37–1.3) | 0.95 |
| EPA (g) | 0.00 (0.00–0.1) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | 0.00 (0.00–0.01) | 0.84 |
| DHA (g) | 0.01 (0.00–0.06) | 0.01 (0.00–0.04) | 0.01 (0.00–0.07) | 0.95 |
| Cholesterol (mg) | 286 (138–462) | 217 (118–394) | 369 (204–539) | <0.01 |
| Dietary fiber (g) | 27.5 (19.5–36.9) | 28.2 (20.7–36.1) | 27.3 (19.2–38.4) | 0.86 |
Abbreviations: SFA, saturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; LA, linoleic acid; ALA, alpha-linoleic acid; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid, DHA, docosahexaenoic acid. Energy and macronutrient values are presented as medians and 25th and 75th percentiles. ⸹ Total fat includes SFA, PUFA, MUFA, and other unspecified fat. * Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used to compare energy and dietary macronutrients by sex.