Table 3.
Dietary micronutrient intakes of female and male endurance athletes.
| Nutrient | Total Sample (n = 95) |
Female (n = 47) |
Male (n = 48) |
p * |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vitamin A (μg) | 543 (220–1065) | 502 (201–744) | 785 (364–1516) | 0.051 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 104 (39.9–202) | 116 (60.1–197) | 101 (38.8–205) | 0.86 |
| Vitamin D (μg) | 2.0 (0.37–4.4) | 1.6 (0.25–3.5) | 2.0 (0.38–5.3) | 0.37 |
| Vitamin E (mg) | 7.7 (4.2–13.9) | 8.1 (4.3–14.6) | 7.7 (3.8–13.4) | 0.47 |
| Vitamin K (μg) | 90.1 (41.2–268) | 90 (43.9–164) | 91 (35.1–452) | 0.57 |
| Thiamine (mg) | 1.2 (0.77–1.73) | 1.0 (0.74–1.5) | 1.3 (0.87–1.8) | 0.13 |
| Riboflavin (mg) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) | 1.5 (1.2–2.2) | 1.9 (1.2–2.9) | 0.18 |
| Niacin (mg) | 26.6 (15.8–40.6) | 22.4 (15.8–37.4) | 29.2 (15.9–47.2) | 0.12 |
| Vitamin B6 (mg) | 1.9 (1.29–2.77) | 1.7 (1.2–2.5) | 2.1 (1.4–2.9) | 0.18 |
| Folate (μg) | 283 (138–470) | 258 (131–399) | 352 (142–530) | 0.26 |
| Vitamin B12 (μg) | 2.8 (1.6–5.0) | 2.0 (1.2–4.0) | 3.9 (2.2–6.2) | ≤0.001 |
| Pantothenic acid (mg) | 3.3 (2.1–5.7) | 3.2 (2.1–5.2) | 3.3 (1.9–6.0) | 0.97 |
| Biotin (μg) | 7.9 (3.3–16.7) | 7.9 (3.2–17.9) | 7.9 (3.4–16.7) | 0.82 |
| Calcium (mg) | 888 (630–1272) | 911 (551–1298) | 833 (637–1266) | 0.95 |
| Copper (mg) | 1.1 (0.72–1.6) | 1.1 (0.62–1.8) | 1.1 (0.76–1.4) | 0.74 |
| Manganese (mg) | 1.7 (0.86–2.6) | 1.6 (0.74–2.6) | 1.9 (0.93–2.7) | 0.52 |
| Iron (mg) | 15.0 (10.4–19.9) | 11.9 (10.1–17.2) | 17.2 (12.3–21.2) | <0.01 |
| Magnesium (mg) | 267 (192–387) | 281 (180–402) | 259 (203–367) | 0.86 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | 1027 (712–1443) | 968 (697–1278) | 1069 (732–1780) | 0.13 |
| Selenium (μg) | 78.5 (38.7–115.2) | 68.4 (35.5–100) | 95.1 (44.7–143) | 0.02 |
| Chromium (μg) | 1.69 (0.33–5.5) | 1.7 (0.26–5.2) | 1.9 (0.62–5.5) | 0.72 |
| Molybdenum (μg) | 6.9 (.48–16.6) | 7.2 (2.3–15.0) | 5.7 (0.00–20.5) | 0.76 |
| Choline (mg) | 238 (122–389) | 200 (109–332) | 287 (147–509) | 0.03 |
| Zinc (mg) | 8.4 (5.7–12.0) | 7.1 (5.4–9.4) | 9.7 (5.8–14.1) | 0.03 |
| Potassium (mg) | 2650 (1596–3657) | 2360 (1442–3490) | 3143 (1919–3945) | 0.10 |
| Sodium (mg) | 3835 (2785–4658) | 3776 (2451–4463) | 3932 (2935–5422) | 0.06 |
| β-carotene (μg) | 1706 (421–6906) | 1706 (874–4136) | 1805 (210–9799) | 0.97 |
| Total water (L) | 2.90 (2.14–4.07) | 2.79 (2.14–3.98) | 3.00 (2.15–4.17) | 0.99 |
Micronutrient values are presented as medians and 25th and 75th percentiles. * Wilcoxon Rank-Sum test was used to compare micronutrient intakes by sex.