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. 2023 Apr 9;24(8):6961. doi: 10.3390/ijms24086961

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Algorithm for diagnosing HTLV-1 infection in Japan. Currently, no confirmatory tests using Western blotting are conducted in Japan. Flowchart for identifying HTLV-1 carriers among pregnant women. CLEIA, chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay; CLIA, chemiluminescent immunoassay; ECLIA, electrochemiluminescent immunoassay; PA, particle agglutination; WB, Western blotting; LIA, line immunoassay; PCR, polymerase chain reaction. The figure is reproduced from Itabashi et al. [54]. For further details, please refer to Okuma et al. [129].