Table 1.
Characteristic of patients diagnosed with JME.
| JME Patients n = 49 (%) |
|
|---|---|
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 27.6 ± 8.9 |
| Gender, (Female: Male) | 25: 24 |
| Family history of epilepsy | 7 (14.3) |
| History of febrile seizures | 6 (12.2) |
| Age of first seizure, y, mean ± SD | 14.2 ± 3.1 |
| Seizure duration, y, mean ± SD | 13.4 ± 9.4 |
| Age of diagnosis of epilepsy, y, mean ± SD | 16.2 ± 5.4 |
| Age of diagnosis of JME, y, mean ± SD | 21.1 ± 8.7 |
| Duration of follow up, y, mean ± SD | 11.4 ± 9.3 |
| Year of delayed diagnosis of JME, y, mean ± SD | 6.9 ± 9.1 |
| Seizure types | |
| Myoclonic seizures only | 6 (12.2) |
| Myoclonic + absence seizures | 2 (4.1) |
| Myoclonic seizures + GTCS | 25 (51.0) |
| Myoclonic + absence seizures + GTCS | 16 (32.7) |
| First clinical manifestation | |
| Myoclonic seizures | 18 (36.7) |
| GTCS | 26 (53.1) |
| Absence seizures | 5 (10.2) |
| Timing of seizures | |
| Awake only | 22 (44.9) |
| Sleep only | 14 (28.6) |
| Both awake and sleep | 13 (26.5) |
| Seizure precipitant factors | |
| Sleep deprivation | 10 (20.4) |
| Flicking light | 8 (16.3) |
| Soundsensitive | 3 (6.1) |
| Stress | 7 (14.3) |
| Fatigue | 2 (4.1) |
| Common cold | 2 (4.1) |
| Alcohol intake | 1 (2.0) |
| Exercise | 1 (2.0) |
| EEG features | |
| Focal EEG discharges | 4 (8.2) |
| Epileptiform discharges in the last EEG | 30 (61.2) |
|
No. of ASM tried, mean ± SD Current ASM treatment (range, 0–4) |
3.0 ± 1.9 (range, 1–10) |
| No ASM | 1 (2.0) |
| Monotherapy | 27 (55.1) |
| Two ASMs | 14 (28.6) |
| Three ASMs | 4 (8.2) |
| Four ASMs | 3 (6.1) |
| Most common ASM type | |
| Levetiracetam | 34 (69.4) |
| Valproic acid | 17 (34.7) |
| Clonazepam | 14 (28.6) |
| Seizure-free duration | |
| >1 year | 24 (49.0) |
| >6 months | 27 (55.1) |
| >3 months | 30 (61.2) |
JME, juvenile myoclonic epilepsy; GTCS, generalized tonic-clonic seizures; EEG, electroencephalogram; ASM, antiseizure medication.