A53T	α-synuclein with a PD-associated mutation
ADP	Adenosine diphosphate
AMPAR	α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor
ATP	Adenosine triphosphate
ATP5A	ATP synthase alpha-subunit gene
ATP5A1	encodes for a subunit of ATP synthase (complex V)
BAC	bacterial artificial chromosome
BCL-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
Ca	calcium
COX4I1	Cytochrome C Oxidase Subunit 4I1
CSF	cerebrospinal fluid
DJ-1	protein of the peptidase C56 family
DNA	deoxyribonucleic acid
Drp1	dynamin-related protein 1
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
ETC	electron transport chain
ETC	electron transport chain
FADH2	flavin adenine dinucleotides
Glu	glutamate
GR	glutathione reductase
GRX	glutaredoxin
GSH	glutathione reduced
GSSG	Glutathione oxidized
GTP	Guanosine-5′-triphosphate
HD	Huntington’s disease
Homer1	Homer Scaffold Protein 1
HTT	huntingtin
IL-18	interleukin-18
IL-1β	interleukin-1β
IMM	inner mitochondrial membrane
KO	knockout
LC3	Microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3
LTD	long-term depression
LTP	long-term potentiation
MAO	Monoamine oxidases
MCU	mitochondrial calcium uniporter
Mfn1	Mitofusin1
Mfn2	Mitofusin2
MICU3	mitochondrial calcium uptake family member3
MPTP	1-metil-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-tetraidropiridina
NADH	nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides
NCLX	mitochondrial Na+/Ca2+ exchanger
NDUFS3	NADH: Ubiquinone Oxidoreductase Core Subunit S3
NLR	Nod-like Receptor
NLRP3	nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich-repeat containing family, pyrin domain-containing 3
NLRX1	NLR Family Member X1
NO	Nitric oxide
3-NPA	3-nitropropionic acid
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2–related factor 2
OMM	outer mitochondrial membrane
OXPHOS	mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation
PBMCs	Peripheral blood mononucleate cells
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PGC-1α	Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
PINK1	PTEN-induced kinase 1
PRKAG2	protein kinase AMP-activated non-catalytic subunit gamma 2
Rab5	Ras-related protein5
ROS	generation of free radical species
SDHB	Succinate Dehydrogenase Complex, Subunit B
SNCA	alpha-synuclein gene
SNpc	Substantia nigra pars compacta
SPN	medium spine neuron
TCA	tricarboxylic acid
Trx	Thioredoxin
TTR	Transthyretin
VDAC	Voltage-dependent anion channel
VDAC3	Voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3
YAC	yeast artificial chromosome
ΔΨm	Mitochondrial membrane potential