Table 1.

Identified genes and proteins involved in LD biogenesis in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Gene	Protein Name	TAIR Locus	Localizati on	Putative Function	Reference
FATA	Fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase A	At3g25110.1	Plastid	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[18]
FATB	Fatty acyl-ACP thioesterase B	At1g08510.1	Plastid	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[18]
FAX2	Fatty acid export 2	At2g38550	Cytoplasm	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[10]
FAX4	Fatty acid export 4	At1g33265	Cytoplasm	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[10]
LACS1	Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 1	At2g47240	Cytoplasm	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[10]
LACS9	Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetase 9	At1g77590.1	Cytoplasm	FA biosynthesis and export from plastid	[10]
GPAT9	Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase 9	At5g60620.1	ER	Acyl-CoA dependent TAG synthesis	[22]
LPAAT2	Lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase	At3g57650.1	ER	Acyl-CoA dependent TAG synthesis	[24]
AtPAH1	Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase1	At3g09560	ER	Acyl-CoA dependent TAG synthesis	[25]
AtPAH2	Phosphatidic acid phosphohydrolase2	At5g42870	ER	Acyl-CoA dependent TAG synthesis	[25]
DGAT1	Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1	At2g19450.1	ER, LD	TAG synthesis in developing seeds	[28]
DGAT2	Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2	At3g51520.1	ER, LD,	Unusual fatty acid formation	[28]
DGAT3	Diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 3	At1g48300.1	Cytoplasm	Regulation of the acyl-CoA pool size and composition	[28]
PDAT1	Phospholipid-diacylglycerol acyltransferase	At5g13640.1	ER	Acyl-CoA independent pathway	[38]
SEIPIN1 SEIPIN2 SEIPIN3	SEIPIN 1 SEIPIN2 SEIPIN 3	At5g16460, At1g29760, At2g34380	ER-LD junctions	Nucleation and growth of LD, LD budding	[11]
LDAP1 LDAP2 LDAP3	LD-associated proteins	At1g67360 At2g47780 At3g05500	LD	Nucleation and growth of LD in leaves, LD coat protein	[64]
LDIP	LDAP-interacting protein	At5g16550	LD	Nucleation and growth of LD, LD coat protein	[65]
VAP27-1	Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein	At3g60600	ER-PM junction	Nucleation and growth of LD	[61]
CLO1	Caleosin1	At4g26740	LD	Nucleation and growth of LD	[75]
OLE1	Oleosin1	At4g25140	ER, LD	Negative regulator of LD size, LD budding, LD coat protein	[92]
OLE2	Oleosin2	At5g40420	LD	Negative regulator of LD size	[94]
OLE4	Oleosin4	At3g01570	LD	Postive regulator of LD size	[94]
COPI	Coat protein I complex		Golgi	Unknown	[99]
EC61g	SEC translocase subunit	At5g50460	ER-LD junction	May participate in the targeting of LD proteins	[123]
RABC1	RABC1	At1g43890	ER, LD	Negative regulator of LD size	[13]
DWF5	Δ7-sterol-C5-desaturase	At1g50430	Cellular membrane	LD biogenesis	[134]