Table 2.
The main microRNA involved in Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients.
| miRNA | In IBD | Target | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| miR10a | Decrease | Inhibit NOD2 | [106] |
| miR-16 | Increase in UC | T-cell sub-types | [96] |
| miR-19b | Decrease in CD | [97] | |
| miR-21 | Increase in UC | T-cell sub-types | [96] |
| miR-22 | Increase in CD | Th17 cell | [97] |
| miR-23a | Increase in UC | [96] | |
| miR-24 | Increase in UC | [96] | |
| miR-29 | Decrease IL-12 and IL-23 in CD | Through activation of NOD2 | [107,108] |
| miR-29a | Increase in UC | NOD2 | [108] |
| miR-31 | Increase in CD | [97] | |
| miR-107 | Decrease | IL-23p19 (a subunit of IL-23) | [109] |
| miR-126 | Increase | Regulates VCAM-1 | [96,110,111] |
| miR-143/145 | Decrease | Inhibit IGFBP5 (regulate IGF pathway in intestinal epithelial regeneration) | [32,112] |
| miR-146a | Increase | TNF-α | [105] |
| miR-146b | Increase | TNF-α | [105] |
| miR-150 | Increase intestinal permeability | c-Myb | [32,113] |
| miR-155 | Increase in UC | SOCS1 | [114] |
| miR-192 | Decrease in UC | MIP-2α | [96] |
| miR-195 | Increase in UC | [96] | |
| miR-215 | Increase in CD | MIP-2α | [97] |
| miR-223 | Increase | Claudin-8 (a TJ-integral protein) | [102] |
| miR-320a | Increase | [103,105] | |
| miR-375 | Decrease in UC | inhibit KLF5 (antagonist of the goblet cell–differentiation factor KLF4) | [32,96] |
| miR-422b | Decrease in UC | [96] | |
| miR-486 | Increase | [105] | |
| let-7f | Increase in UC | T-cell sub-types | [96] |
Relationship of main microRNA with decreased or increased activity in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). CD: Crohn’s disease; IGFBP5: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5; KLF5/4: Kruppel-like factor 5 and 4; MIP-2α: macrophage inhibitory peptide; NOD2: nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2; SOCS1: Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1; Th17: T helper 17; TJ: tight junction; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor alpha; UC: ulcerative colitis; VCAM-1: Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1.