| ADSCs | Adipose-derived stem cells |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| BMP | Bone morphogenetic proteins |
| BMSC | Bone marrow Stem Cells |
| CCO | Cytochrome c oxidase |
| col1a1 | Collagen type I gene |
| DKK-1 | Dickkopf-Related Protein 1 |
| FGF | Fibroblast Growth Factors |
| HUVEC | Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells |
| ibsp | Bone sialoprotein 2 gene |
| IkBα | Inhibitors of NF-kB |
| LLLT | Low-level laser therapy |
| MSC | Mesenchymal stem cells |
| NF-kB | Nuclear Factor kappa B |
| ocn | Osteocalcin gene |
| opn | Osteopontin gene |
| PDGF | Platelet-Derived Growth Factor |
| PMNs | Polymorphonuclear neutrophils |
| Runx-2 | Runt-related transcription factor gene |
| TGF-ß | Tumor growth factor- ß |
| TNFα | Tumor necrosis factor-α |
| VEGF | Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor |
| AKT | AKT Serine/Threonine Kinase 1 |
| PI3K | Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-Bisphosphate 3-Kinase Catalytic Subunit Delta |