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. 2023 Mar 15;36(2):257–277. doi: 10.1007/s10334-023-01075-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — a–c Pareto front derived from the static phase and amplitude optimized pTx MOO approach using the a self-grounded bow-tie antenna building block; b bow-tie antenna building block; and c the fractionated dipole antenna RF array configurations at 7.0 T (baseline, BL) and 14.0 T (same channel count, SCC, double channel count, DCC). Each point of the solution represents one optimized excitation vector where a trade-off between the minimum B₁⁺_ROI and the maximum SAR_10g was found. The green circles indicate the highest minimum B₁⁺_ROI/√SAR_10g ratio. d–f Axial and sagittal views through the center of the heart (depicted in red) illustrating B₁⁺ efficiency maps (B₁⁺/√1 kW) obtained for the excitation vectors with the highest minimum B₁⁺_ROI/√SAR_10g ratio (indicated by the green circles in a-c). The spider diagrams illustrate the relative changes of the mean B₁⁺_ROI, minimum B₁⁺_ROI, maximum SAR_10g, CoV(B₁⁺_ROI), TXE, and intrinsic SNR values for the 14.0 T SCC (orange) and DCC (grey) with respect to the 7.0 T baseline (black)