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. 2023 Apr 27;14:2419. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38028-0

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Experimental overview of the sucrose preference test (SPT). A mouse is placed for 12 h in an operant chamber that includes a lickometer attached to two bottles that contained either water (blue) or 1% sucrose in water (orange). Sucrose preference was defined as the number of licks for sucrose as a fraction of the total number of licks. b Sample session showing the consumption of sucrose (orange) compared to water (blue). Inset in the upper right corner shows a histogram of the number of choices for sucrose and water as a function of the number of licks within such choice; choices were separated by a pause in licking of at least 5 s. c Left: Sucrose preference and total licks over time for the entire group (n = 25 mice, male and female). Right: Calculation of the % of choices for sucrose and choice size ratio (sucrose (S)/water (W)) for all animals. Dashed lines indicate indifference point (i.e., 50% for choices for sucrose and 1 for choice size ratio). Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. d Scatter plot showing sucrose preference (color coded) as a function of both the % of choices for sucrose and the choice size ratio (n = 25 mice, male and female). Bar graphs in the right panel show the contribution of the % of choices for sucrose and the choice size ratio to the % sucrose preference (i.e., the conventional measure of the SPT). Error bars indicate mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.