. 2023 Apr 14;14:1139725. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1139725

Table 3.

Frozen-thawed sperm motility and motion parameters.

	Control	FO	VE	FOVE	Overall
Motility, %
0 week	41.43 ± 3.52	46.35 ± 7.38	44.95 ± 11.66	43.5 ± 6.92	44.06 ± 7.33^c
4 week	43.05 ± 1.85	40.33 ± 14.48	40.85 ± 18.49	56.87 ± 5.93	45.27 ± 12.92^c
8 week $	53.63 ± 5.1	48.27 ± 4.12	51.03 ± 7.53	68.27 ± 3.4	55.3 ± 9.27^b
10 week	61 ± 2.45	59.93 ± 5.46	58.05 ± 7.49	74.28 ± 2.78	63.31 ± 7.99^a
overall	49.78 ± 8.82	48.72 ± 10.77	48.72 ± 12.77	60.73 ± 12.95	–
DAP (μm)
0 week	11.93 ± 2.57	13.04 ± 2.59	13.16 ± 3.87	12.47 ± 2.25	12.65 ± 2.63^c
4 week	11.1 ± 0.96	10.52 ± 4.76	10.52 ± 4.76	12.14 ± 1.04	11.07 ± 3.15^c
8 week	16.38 ± 4.23	12.48 ± 1.38	14.36 ± 2.64	19.82 ± 1.34	15.76 ± 3.69^b
10 week #$	16.08 ± 1.52	17.2 ± 3.3	17.54 ± 2.91	26.15 ± 4.55	19.24 ± 5.07^a
overall	13.87 ± 3.4	13.31 ± 3.84	13.9 ± 4.17	17.65 ± 6.44	–
DSL (μm)
0 week	9.45 ± 2.27	9.19 ± 1.38	10.43 ± 2.89	9.53 ± 1.44	9.65 ± 1.93^c
4 week	8.46 ± 1.07	8.45 ± 3.77	8.45 ± 3.77	9.41 ± 1.03	8.69 ± 2.51^c
8 week $	12.86 ± 4.34	9.18 ± 1.09	11.88 ± 2.28	15.51 ± 1.43	12.36 ± 3.31^b
10 week #$	12 ± 1.65	12.61 ± 1.73	13.85 ± 2.37	19.72 ± 3.51	14.54 ± 3.84^a
overall	10.69 ± 3	9.86 ± 2.62	11.15 ± 3.29	13.54 ± 4.86	–
DCL (μm)
0 week	22.6 ± 4.72	23.1 ± 8.2	24.41 ± 7.86	24.33 ± 5.22	23.61 ± 6.03^c
4 week	21.57 ± 2.15	19.5 ± 8.97	19.5 ± 8.97	23.03 ± 1.63	20.9 ± 6^c
8 week	31.2 ± 6.75	24.13 ± 2.68	26.25 ± 4.81	37.86 ± 1.39	29.86 ± 6.73^b
10 week #$	31.01 ± 2.28	33.23 ± 7.58	32.48 ± 5.88	51.19 ± 9.87	36.98 ± 10.56^a
overall	26.6 ± 6.11	24.99 ± 8.35	25.66 ± 7.94	34.1 ± 12.87	–
VAP (μm/sec)
0 week	33.04 ± 6.15	36.22 ± 6.52	35.55 ± 12.3	35.52 ± 5.64	35.08 ± 7.37^c
4 week	32.67 ± 2.01	29.72 ± 15.73	29.72 ± 15.73	37.88 ± 3.98	32.5 ± 10.71^c
8 week	43.8 ± 9.11	36.97 ± 3.73	37.56 ± 6.38	56.34 ± 4.99	43.67 ± 9.86^b
10 week #$	49.64 ± 3.55	52.39 ± 9.56	48.38 ± 8.81	74.09 ± 9.55	56.13 ± 13.1^a
overall	39.79 ± 9.13	38.83 ± 12.37	37.8 ± 12.33	50.96 ± 17.1	–
VSL (μm/sec)
0 week	26.25 ± 4.69	26.07 ± 3.3	28.28 ± 9.19	27.47 ± 3.57	27.02 ± 5.19^c
4 week	25.23 ± 2.77	24.03 ± 12.7	24.03 ± 12.7	30.04 ± 3.94	25.83 ± 8.7^c
8 week $	34.44 ± 9.11	27.73 ± 2.72	31.28 ± 5.71	44.76 ± 4.98	34.55 ± 8.52^b
10 week #$	37.85 ± 3.41	39.49 ± 4.83	38.65 ± 6.94	56.94 ± 7.39	43.23 ± 9.73^a
overall	30.94 ± 7.44	29.33 ± 8.9	30.56 ± 9.78	39.8 ± 13.13	–
VCL (μm/sec)
0 week	61.23 ± 12.05	69.09 ± 14.7	64.59 ± 24.03	67.41 ± 13.04	65.58 ± 15.21^c
4 week	61.7 ± 4.69	53.77 ± 28.76	53.77 ± 28.76	69.88 ± 7.06	59.78 ± 19.82^c
8 week $	82.05 ± 15.17	69.25 ± 6.99	67.41 ± 11.66	104.88 ± 6.23	80.9 ± 18.14^b
10 week #$	93 ± 7.07	98.21 ± 21.53	87.78 ± 17.44	140.84 ± 21.6	104.96 ± 27^a
overall	74.5 ± 16.93	72.58 ± 24.23	68.39 ± 23.03	95.75 ± 33.2	–
ALH (μm)
0 week	3.45 ± 0.56	4.06 ± 0.97	3.57 ± 1.32	3.89 ± 0.76	3.74 ± 0.88^c
4 week	3.78 ± 0.32	3.02 ± 1.56	3.02 ± 1.56	4.22 ± 0.28	3.51 ± 1.14^c
8 week	4.82 ± 0.62	4.26 ± 0.5	3.78 ± 0.49	6.06 ± 0.28	4.73 ± 0.98^b
10 week #	5.52 ± 0.42	5.55 ± 1.26	4.88 ± 1	7.54 ± 0.96	5.87 ± 1.34^a
overall	4.39 ± 0.96	4.22 ± 1.38	3.81 ± 1.25	5.43 ± 1.63	–

Data shown are the mean ± SD (n = 4 replicates per treatment, one ejaculate per replicate). For each parameter, values within columns with different superscript letters differ significantly (P < 0.05). #Significant (P < 0.05) main effect of flaxseed oil (FO). $Significant (P < 0.05) main effect of vitamin E (VE). CASA, computer-aided sperm analysis; Means (± SD) of the distance of the average path (DAP, μm), straight distance (DSL, μm), curvilinear distance (DCL, μm), velocity of the average path (VAP, μm/sec), straight line velocity (VSL, μm/sec), curvilinear velocity (VCL, μm/sec), amplitude of lateral head displacement (ALH, μm) were assessed after thawing. "-" This symbol has no meaning.