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. 2023 Jan 25;15(5):1255–1275. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2023.01.004

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© 2023 The Authors

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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Kinetics of αKG and TCA cycle-related metabolites were altered by antibiotic pretreatment. (A) Pattern diagram and protocol of the kinetics experiments after liver I/R surgery. Liver and blood specimens from the sham and I/R groups were collected at different time points in the reperfusion phase (for each group, n = 3–4). (B) Serum ALT levels of each group. (C) Dynamic changes in the levels of αKG, TCA cycle-related metabolites, and glycolysis-related metabolites. (D) Rate of change in serum glutamate, αKG, and pyruvate levels from 3 to 6 hours in the reperfusion phase. (E) Immunofluorescence colocalization of GLS2 and GLUD in liver tissue sections in different time point after reperfusion (GLS2-Cy3-red fluorescence, GLUD-488 fluorescence). The legend is 200 μm. (F) Quantitative statistical analysis of GLS2 and GLUD expression by using mean fluorescence intensity. For all data, statistical comparisons between 2 groups were carried out by Student t test. P < .05 indicates significant differences.