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. 2023 Apr 14;13:1178650. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1178650

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Copyright © 2023 Tamai, Yamazaki, Ito, Nakagawa and Nakamura

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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A proposed model for the role of S. aureus QS-regulated Agr virulence. S. aureus secretes AIP, thereby informing each other of their own cell population density, and when the concentration exceeds a certain threshold, they turn on virulence gene expression. The agr operon is activated in a positive feedback manner once QS is triggered by AIP. The AIPs of groups 1, 2, and likely 4 are reported to be exported by AgrB and trimmed at the N-terminus by the non-Agr-encoded membrane-located protease MroQ. The Agr-QS system controls the expression of several virulence factors in S. aureus. AD, atopic dermatitis; QS, quorum sensing; AIP, auto inducing peptide.