. 2023 Apr 14;14:1150105. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150105

Table 2.

Evaluating acid-base imbalances in PASC patients.

Tests	Evaluation Method
Exam and cognitive assessment 6-MWT with ABG and lactate testing	Upon arrival at the clinic participants should be seated for 30 min in a quiet room before a physical examination and preparation of an indwelling arterial catheter. A blood sample is taken for full ABG measurement (including lactate, bicarbonate, and anion gap) before insertion of an inter-arterial sensor for continuous pH and blood-gas monitoring (e.g., Paratrend 7). Participants then remain seated for a further 30min while taking the Montreal cognitive assessment before beginning the 6-MWT, with earlobe capillary lactate measurements every minute. After the test, participants would rest, reclined for 30min before the catheter and sensor are removed.
Home blood lactate Home smO₂ Symptom reporting	Participants would be provided with a home blood lactate meter (e.g., Abbott Lingo wearable for continuous use or the Edge capillary home lactate meter for repeated manual measurements), a wearable smO₂ meter (e.g., Moxy sensor) and a wearable activity monitor (e.g., smartwatch). Data would be recorded continually during the day (both at rest and during any activities) with intermittent overnight monitoring. Participants would use a log to track their daily symptoms, activity levels and sleep, noting any changes in symptoms/intensity as they occur.

Tests

Evaluation Method

Exam and cognitive assessment
6-MWT with ABG and lactate testing

Upon arrival at the clinic participants should be seated for 30 min in a quiet room before a physical examination and preparation of an indwelling arterial catheter. A blood sample is taken for full ABG measurement (including lactate, bicarbonate, and anion gap) before insertion of an inter-arterial sensor for continuous pH and blood-gas monitoring (e.g., Paratrend 7). Participants then remain seated for a further 30min while taking the Montreal cognitive assessment before beginning the 6-MWT, with earlobe capillary lactate measurements every minute. After the test, participants would rest, reclined for 30min before the catheter and sensor are removed.

Home blood lactate
Home smO₂
Symptom reporting

Participants would be provided with a home blood lactate meter (e.g., Abbott Lingo wearable for continuous use or the Edge capillary home lactate meter for repeated manual measurements), a wearable smO₂ meter (e.g., Moxy sensor) and a wearable activity monitor (e.g., smartwatch). Data would be recorded continually during the day (both at rest and during any activities) with intermittent overnight monitoring. Participants would use a log to track their daily symptoms, activity levels and sleep, noting any changes in symptoms/intensity as they occur.