Perceived Usefulness |
PU1: “Metaverse educational platforms enable me to accomplish tasks more quickly”. |
Yang et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022); Faqih et al. (2021) |
PU2: “Using a metaverse educational platform enhance my learning effectiveness “ |
PU3: “Metaverse educational platforms enhance the quality of my learning”. |
PU4: “Metaverse educational platforms are useful in tertiary tourism education”. |
Perceived Eease of Use |
PEU1: “Learning to use/operate a metaverse educational platform would be easy to me”. |
Shen et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022); Noble et al. (2022) |
PEU2: “It is easy for me to become skillful at using a metaverse educational platform”. |
PEU3: “I find that the use of a metaverse educational platform is not complicated/does not require a lot of mental effort”. |
PEU4: “My interaction with metaverse educational platform is clear and understandable” |
Self-efficacy |
SE1: " I am confident that I can perform effectively on many different tasks” |
Luo & Du 2022
|
SE2: " When facing difficult tasks, I am certain that I will accomplish them.“ |
SE3: " I believe I can succeed at most any endeavor to which I set my mind “ |
Perceived Enjoyment |
PE1: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is fun”. |
Shen et al. (2022); Faqih et al. (2021); Lee et al. 2019a, b
|
PE2: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is enjoyable”. |
PE3: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is very entertaining”. |
PE4: “Metaverse devices will make my leisure time more fun”. |
Perceived Cyber Risks |
PCR1: “The personal information that enters into a metaverse educational platform will be handled securely”. |
Saleh et al., 2022a, b; |
PCR2: “Metaverse educational platforms have enough safeguards to make me feel comfortable using them to access educational services”. |
PCR3: “I am concerned that Metaverse educational platforms distribute the gathered data without my knowledge to third-parties”. |
PCR4: “I perceive Metaverse educational platforms as more privacy-invasive compared to non- Metaverse educational platforms”. |
Personal innovativeness in IT |
PIIT1: “If I heard about a new information technology, I would look for ways to experiment with it”. |
Fan et al. (2020); Yi et al. (2006) |
PIIT2: “Among my peers, I am usually the first to try out new information technologies”. |
PIIT3: “In general, I am hesitant to try out new information technologies.“ (Reverse question) |
PIIT4: “I like to experiment with new information technologies”. |
Metaverse behavioral intention |
BI1: “Intend to use a metaverse educational platform for my studies in the future”. |
Shen et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022) |
BI2: “I predict I would use a metaverse educational platform for my learning experiences”. |
BI3: “I plan to use a metaverse educational platform frequently”. |