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. 2023 Apr 28:1–33. Online ahead of print. doi: 10.1007/s10639-023-11816-3
Construct Item Source
Perceived Usefulness PU1: “Metaverse educational platforms enable me to accomplish tasks more quickly”. Yang et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022); Faqih et al. (2021)
PU2: “Using a metaverse educational platform enhance my learning effectiveness “
PU3: “Metaverse educational platforms enhance the quality of my learning”.
PU4: “Metaverse educational platforms are useful in tertiary tourism education”.
Perceived Eease of Use PEU1: “Learning to use/operate a metaverse educational platform would be easy to me”. Shen et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022); Noble et al. (2022)
PEU2: “It is easy for me to become skillful at using a metaverse educational platform”.
PEU3: “I find that the use of a metaverse educational platform is not complicated/does not require a lot of mental effort”.
PEU4: “My interaction with metaverse educational platform is clear and understandable”
Self-efficacy SE1: " I am confident that I can perform effectively on many different tasks” Luo & Du 2022
SE2: " When facing difficult tasks, I am certain that I will accomplish them.“
SE3: " I believe I can succeed at most any endeavor to which I set my mind “
Perceived Enjoyment PE1: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is fun”. Shen et al. (2022); Faqih et al. (2021); Lee et al. 2019a, b
PE2: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is enjoyable”.
PE3: “Using a metaverse educational platform in learning is very entertaining”.
PE4: “Metaverse devices will make my leisure time more fun”.
Perceived Cyber Risks PCR1: “The personal information that enters into a metaverse educational platform will be handled securely”. Saleh et al., 2022a, b;
PCR2: “Metaverse educational platforms have enough safeguards to make me feel comfortable using them to access educational services”.
PCR3: “I am concerned that Metaverse educational platforms distribute the gathered data without my knowledge to third-parties”.
PCR4: “I perceive Metaverse educational platforms as more privacy-invasive compared to non- Metaverse educational platforms”.
Personal innovativeness in IT PIIT1: “If I heard about a new information technology, I would look for ways to experiment with it”. Fan et al. (2020); Yi et al. (2006)
PIIT2: “Among my peers, I am usually the first to try out new information technologies”.
PIIT3: “In general, I am hesitant to try out new information technologies.“ (Reverse question)
PIIT4: “I like to experiment with new information technologies”.
Metaverse behavioral intention BI1: “Intend to use a metaverse educational platform for my studies in the future”. Shen et al. (2022); Teng et al. (2022)
BI2: “I predict I would use a metaverse educational platform for my learning experiences”.
BI3: “I plan to use a metaverse educational platform frequently”.