PCa	prostate cancer
ADT	androgen deprivation therapy
PCSCs	prostate cancer stem cells
AR	androgen receptor
CKs	cytokeratins
CD44	differentiation molecule 44
KRT5	keratin 5
P63	tumor protein 63
PSA	prostate specific antigen
DRE	digital rectal examination
CRPC	castration-resistant prostate cancer
CSCs	cancer stem cells
PSCs	prostate stem cells
NSG	nonobese diabetic scid gamma
PIN	prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
PTEN	phosphatase and tensin homolog
JAK	Janus kinase
STAT	Signal transducer and activator of transcription
EMT	epithelial–mesenchymal transition
IL-6	Interleukin 6
gp130	glycoprotein 130
MAOA	monoamine oxidative A
HOTAIR	HOX transcript antisense RNA
IL-10	Interleukin 10
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
Kras G12D	kirsten rat sarcoma virus G12D
Ezh2	zeste homolog 2
PRC2	polycomb repressive complex 2
Hh	Hedgehog
SHh	Sonic Hh
IHh	Indian Hh
DHh	Desert Hh
PTCH1	Patched1
SMO	Smoothened
Arrb2	β-Arrestin
Kif3a	kinesin family member 3A
GLI1-3	glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1-3
LRP	lipoprotein receptor-related protein
TCF/LEF	T-cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor
Axin 2	axis inhibition protein 2
hTERT	human telomerase reverse transcriptase
PHF21B	PHD finger protein 21B
ESM1	endothelial cell-specific molecule 1
ALK	anaplastic lymphoma kinase
NICD	Notch intracellular domain
AKT	protein kinase B
mTORC2	mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
BMSCs	bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
BAF	Brahma-associated factor
GSI	γ-secretase inhibitor
IKK	IκB kinase
BAFFR	B-cell activation factor
RANK	receptor activator for nuclear factor kappa B
LTbR	lymphtoxin b-receptor
TICs	tumor-initiating cells
CXCL12	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 12
CXCR4	C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 4
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
GPCR	G protein-coupled receptors
RTK	receptor tyrosine kinase
PIP2	phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
PIP3	phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate
PDK1	phosphoinositide-dependent kinase 1
TSC2	tuberous sclerosis protein 2
FOXO	forkhead box transcription factors of the class O
GSK3b	glycogen synthase kinase 3b
PCaPs	prostate cancer progenitors
MST1/2	mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1/2
GPCR	G protein coupled receptor
MAP4K	mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase
LATS1/2	large tumor suppressor kinase 1/2
YAP	Yes-associated protein
TAZ	transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif
PDE5	phosphodiesterase 5
PKGs	protein kinases
EpCAM	epithelial cell adhesion molecule
SOX2	SRY-box transcription factor 2
TRA-1-60	tumor resistance antigen 1-60
OCT-3/4	octamer-binding transforming factor 3/4
BMI-1	B-cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus insertion site 1
ABCG-2	ATP binding cassette subfamily G member 2
DVL	Disheveled